Simulações dos efeitos da cobertura vegetal no balanço hídrico da bacia do rio Ji-Paraná, RO / Simulations of the effects of vegetation cover in water balance of Ji-Paraná river basin, Rondônia, Brazil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The understanding of how the water balance of a hydrographic basin is affected by the conversion of forests into crops and pasture allow to evaluate the possible impacts of the land use and land cover changes in the regional sustainability. Using a macro-scale hydrologic VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) model calibrated for local conditions we simulated the possible effects on the hydrology under three scenarios of land cover substitution of the Ji-Paraná basin, state of Rondônia (western region of Brazil). One scenario simulated the total replacement of forest by soybeans crops, under this condition the outflow of the river increased in 28% during the rainy period, and up to 70% at the dry period, when comparative to the current outflows. When forest was replaced by pastures, this increase was a little lower, 11% in rainy season and 16% in the dry period. These two exclusive scenarios have been selected by representing extreme conditions of land use. One third scenario simulated the possible original condition of the basin covered by forest. This last scenario allows to infer on the possible consequences of the actual changes since recent measures of outflow (less than 30 years). In this condition the outflow suffered a reduction of 9% during the rainy period and 20% in the dry period. The model indicated a decrease of 30% in evapotranspiration for these crops in dry period compared to the forest scenario.

ASSUNTO(S)

vic model hidrologia cobertura do solo desmatamento simulação – estatística balanço hídrico bacia hidrográfica land use/land cover changes water balance

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