Reator eletroqu¡mico de bancada para remoção de íons de metais a partir de efluentes industriais / Removing Metal Ions from Industrial Effluents

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

09/09/1986

RESUMO

An electrochemical reactor, with the aim of recovering metallic ions from waste water, was designed, built and evaluated in laboratory scale. The working conditions concerning to the ion concentrations were based in real operational data. Thus, solutions containing 15,900 ppm Cu2+ ions (0.25 M) were electrolysed with the purpose of obtain a final concentration as near as possible to the limiting value which is allowed by CETESB (Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental), i.e., 1 ppm (15.7 µM). Four commercial graphite plates (600 X 150 X 10 mm), of different origins,were employed as electrodes. A centrifugal pump with capacity equal to 0.3 L.s-1 was used to circulate the electrolyte through the reactor. The electric current was supplied by sources with a maximum output of 20 A. The performance of the different graphite, which are available at the Brazilian market was studied further by means of potentiodynamic experiments, using electrodes with areas of few square millimeters. The reactor was built with glass to make possible visual observations of the inside. Two adjacent electrodes were separated by 5 mm. At each experiment 10 liters of solution containing the metallic ion and 10% H2S04 (v/v) were electrolysed for about 20 hours. The calculated values and the experimental ones, for different electrolysis times, show some deviation. This deviation, however, seems to be reasonable in that kind of experiments. Calculated and experimental values converge to the same limit with time. For example, after 15 hours electrolysis with an operating current of 20 A, the initial concentration, 15,900 ppm, is reduced to 9 ppm, when the calculated value is 7,2 ppm. Thus, a 99% conversion is attained. This is apparently, the limiting value which is attainable with the reactor. Although, this conversion value may be considered very good, it does not seems possible to obtain the limiting value, imposed by CETESS, with a one-step electrochemical operation. The cost of the recovered copper is high compared with the market price. Therefore, the main benefice of process is the ecological one.

ASSUNTO(S)

electrochemical reactors electrochemistry electrolytes reator eletroquímico thermodynamics efluentes industriais eletrólitos eletroquímica industrial effluents ions de metais metal ions termodinâmica (físico-química)

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