Modelagem endoscÃpica virtual do monitoramento de equipamentos elÃtricos de alta tensÃo

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

With the promulgation of the 10.847/2004 and 10.848/2004 Laws, the Brazilian Power Sector started adopting competitiveness as the main element for obtaining concessions in the electric power system transmission and generation sectors. In this sense, the power sector companies will have to strongly intensify the monitoring processes of the power system equipments, in order to optimize their use, increase their life period and consequently, the reliability, continuity and quality of the electric power supply for the society. The technological progress of the last two decades, particularly in the microprocessor systems, has brought improvements to the tools available for the operation of the National Integrated Power System. The protection and control systems have recently migrated from electromechanical to analogical electronic systems and then to digital ones, what has made them very efficient subsystems. On the other hand, the same progress has not occurred with huge equipments like generators, turbines, transformers, reactors, among others. Many are the situations in which the equipments seem to be working fully satisfactorily, although they are really under critical conditions. Similar to an individual who suffers a very hard heart attack, an infinitesimal increment of stress in the equipment turns it unavailable and, almost always, damages it. In this context, this master s degree dissertation focuses on the possibilities of a better use of the available technology in sensors, particularly, optical, acoustic and micro processed systems to optimize the monitoring process of equipments, as well as for learning more about their internals phenomena. In this case - the learning process - the technique of virtual reality has been exploited in a short term vision, to, in the medium and long terms, prospect the investment possibility in online virtual systems, here assumed to be the perspective of monitoring of the internal operation of equipment visualized in real time and three-dimensional space. In order to achieve the visualized objectives, this dissertation presents three great aspects, adopting a top down dynamic, that is, from the general to the specific. The first aspect presents the current state of art of equipment monitoring in a way that shows the state âwhere we are". The second aspect presents the perspectives of expected progress in the application of the available technology. In this case, considering the great spectrum of equipments and possibilities, as well as endowing the work with pragmatism, it is presented a model proposal, named of "endoscope", for specific equipment â the power transformer. This choice was due to the fact that this equipment is one of the most expensive and important of a power system. Finally, the third aspect focuses on a study case that allows validating the proposed concept. For this, simulations of partial discharges were made in the Research Center of Electric Power CEPEL, national renowned entity that assists the EletrobrÃs Group companies. In the simulations, focusing on a subset of problems of the power transformer, internal fault situations were generated and by the use of fiber optic and acoustic sensors it was possible to determine the probable fault location, plotting it in the threedimensional space. In this way, it was possible to conclude that small repeated internal discharges that might result in gradual deterioration of the insulating parts could be detected by the appropriate use of sensors, avoiding a loss of the equipment, which in general provokes financial and economical loss for the companies and degradation of the power system operation. Summarizing, this dissertation presents the general current "status" of the monitoring of equipments (in other words, where we are), the stage that is intended to reach, including the use of virtual reality technique and, in a practical way, starting from a study case, it demonstrates that it is not just a theoretical idea or a desire without technical support, but a fully reachable objective

ASSUNTO(S)

generation and transmission of electric power insulation treinamento de pessoal useful life of equipments monitoring of equipments ambiente competitivo protection systems optical and acoustic sensors power sector sensores Ãpticos e acÃsticos modelagem virtual isolamento transformador de potÃncia vida Ãtil de equipamentos partial discharge setor elÃtrico fibra Ãptica optic fiber on the job training virtual modeling competition monitoramento de equipamentos sistemas de proteÃÃo descarga parcial geraÃÃo e transmissÃo de energia elÃtrica ciencia da computacao power transformer

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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