IdentificaÃÃo de cultivares de milho, feijÃo, algodÃo e soja por meio de enzimas e de proteÃnas resistentes ao calor / Identification of cultivar of corn, bean,cotton and soybean by using both enzymes and heat-resistent proteins

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

After the approval of the cultivars protection law and the new seed law there was an increase in cultivars identification using polymorphic markers. In this work both polymorphism and stability of isoenzymes and heat-resistant proteins in corn, bean, cotton, and soybean seeds with different levels of physiological quality were evaluated. Fiveâdays germinated corn, cotton, soybean and bean epicotyls were used for enzymes analysis. The heat-resistant proteins were extracted from embryo axes in Tris- HCl 0,05 M buffer. The alcohol dehydrogenase, catalase, esterase, malate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase enzymes were effective in identifying corn cultivars with different levels of physiological quality. For bean cultivars was observed that the electrophoretical pattern for esterase and glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase were monomorphic even in seeds with different physiological quality levels. The peroxidase enzyme allowed the differentiation of the bean cultivar Carioca from the others. However, theperoxidase enzyme pattern varied in seeds with low-germination percentage. The soybean Conquista cultivar was separated from the others by superoxide dismutase and diaphorase enzyme systems, and BRS-154 was separated by esterase in seeds with different levels of physiological quality. Changes in the eletrophoretical patters of diaphorase enzyme in deteriorated seeds were observed in the soybean LideranÃa cultivar. Cotton cultivars were identified by using both diaphorase and malate dehydrogenase enzymes, regardless the seeds physiological quality. Patterns of heat resistant protein showed to be polymorphic and stable in corn seeds with different levels of physiological quality. The soybean, bean and cotton showed monomorphic pattern regardless the deterioration level of the seeds. For the same cotton seeds monomorphic bands were found when esterase and superoxide dismutase isoenzymes were used. Heat-resistant protein patterns showed polymorphism and stable in corn seeds with different quality levels. However, those proteins showed to be monomorphic in bean, soybean, and cotton cultivars, regardless the level of deterioration.

ASSUNTO(S)

identificaÃÃo identification enzyme marcador molecular enzima molecular markers fitotecnia

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