GrÃficos de barras e materiais manipulativos: analisando dificuldades e contibuiÃÃes de diferentes representaÃÃes no desenvolvimento da conceitualizaÃÃo matemÃtica em crianÃas de seis a oito anos

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

The aim of this research was to investigate the use of bar graphs as representational support in the additives problems solutions and the difficulties in interpretation and construction of thist type of representation. In this research it was also analysed if combining bar graphs with manipulative material could help children to solve additive problems that envolve graphs. Two studies were carried out. In the first study, 24 pre-schoolers, six to seven years old, solved additive reasoning problems with blocks and later with graphs. A sequence of activities was designed to help the children face the difficulties in graphic representation. The children worked in pairs. The result confirmed previous studies about childrenâs difficulties in dealing with some mathematical concepts related to the construction and interpretation of graphs. It was also observed that children can overcome these difficulties when confronted with relevant issues of the problem solving activities. The participants of the second study were 57 children from pre-school and first grade, six to eight years old. Two methodologies were compared to work with bar graphs: combining words problems with blocks or not. Children were distributed in three groups: the block-graph group, the graph group and the control group. The block-graph group solved problems with bar graphs and word problems with blocks. The graph group solved the same set of problems but all the problems were presented in bar graphs. The control group also solved the same number of questions of both previous groups, but simply addition and subtraction sum were presented. After the intervention, better performances were observed in both experimental groups in comparison with the control group. However, in the delayed post test (eight weeks after the post test), only the group block-graph showed a significant better performance in comparison to the control group. A refined analyze showed that decreasing in performance of the graphic group occurred amongst the pre-school children. In general, both studies showed that the combination between bar graphs and word problems with blocks can be an effective way of working with graphs, especially with young children. This combination seems to help them to relate bar graphs with other strategies that are more familiar in problems solving

ASSUNTO(S)

problemas de estrutura aditiva grÃficos de barras psicologia cognitiva resoluÃÃo de problemas compreensÃo de grÃficos

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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