AVALIAÇÃO EXPERIMENTAL E REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA TRANSMISSÃO DO Trypanosoma cruzi PELA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR CONTAMINADA / Experimental assessment and systematic literature review of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission by contaminated sugarcane

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Introduction: The oral transmission of Chagas disease has been calling the attention in the last few years, especially because of the occurrence of outbreaks due to the ingestion of food such as sugar cane juice, with the possibility of contamination by sylvatic reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi, such as Didelphis sp. Objectives: a) Perform a systematic literature review on sugarcane (Saccharum spp) and/or Didelphis sp contamination by T. cruzi; b) Verify the transmission of T. cruzi strains collected from the secretion of the perianal glands of D. albiventris by direct contamination of sugarcane; c) Try to elucidate T. cruzi potential of penetration in sugarcane stalks; d) Assess possible penetration of T. cruzi through sugarcane roots by examining histological sections of stalks inoculated in vivo with this protozoan. Methodology: The study was carried out in two phases: 1) Systematic review of the literature using scientific articles that address the contamination of sugarcane and/or Didelphis sp by T. cruzi, searching for information in Cochrane Library, LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO, using as descriptors T. cruzi, Didelphis sp, and Saccharum spp. We included in this review the articles published in the American continent from 1909 to October 2008 that presented at least two descriptors associated; 2) Experimental assessment of sugarcane contamination by T. cruzi, in which opossums were experimentally infected by intraperitoneal inoculation with a suspension containing this protozoan and assessed by microhaematocrit technique, culture in LIT (liver infusion tryptose) medium, and PCR. Fragments of sugarcane were contaminated by direct inoculation of T. cruzi suspension collected from the perianal glands of these marsupials. Sugarcane juice was extracted at different intervals, using a manual grinder, and assessed by direct examination and inoculation of mice. Also, histological sections of sugarcane contaminated in vitro and in vivo were performed and analyzed using an optical microscope. Results: After reading and discussing the articles selected, we confirmed the importance of opossums and sugarcane in the transmission of Chagas disease. Nevertheless, only one study approaches directly the object of this research since the others describe experimental contamination of Didelphis sp with different strains of T. cruzi. Given the Abstract xix methods employed herein, this study showed the contamination of sugarcane through the infection of mice up to 6 h after inoculation with strain Y of T. cruzi and up to 4 h with sylvatic P12. This showed plant contamination when inoculated in the tips but not on the surface. However, it was not possible to observe the potential of T. cruzi penetration in sugarcane or the contamination through its roots with the method used during this study, and no protozoan were visualized using an optical microscope. Conclusion: A systematic review of the literature showed the lack of studies on this theme. To the best of our knowledge, this is a pioneer relevant study and lead to the conclusion that the transmission of T. cruzi by sugarcane contaminated wit secretion of the perianal glands of opossums is possible. We suggest the use of other methods for evaluating T. cruzi penetration in sugarcane, and the contamination of this plant through the roots

ASSUNTO(S)

chagas disease trypanosoma cruzi cana-deaçúcar ciencias da saude trypanosoma cruzi didelphis albiventris didelphis albiventris sugarcane doença de chagas

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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