Escolarização e reabilitação de portadores de deficiencia visual : percepção de escolares e ações de reabilitação

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2001

RESUMO

A transversal descriptive study was performed regarding the characteristics of visually impaired school students and their perceptions in relation to their own schooling progress and rehabilitation. The rehabilitation activities in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo were also studied. The population was composed of visually impaired school students of 12 years and above who were being educated in the public teaching system in Campinas. For the collection of data a questionnaire was applied by interview. In relation to the rehabilitation activities, the population was composed of 4 institutions indicated by the schools interviewed. A self-applied questionnaire was used. Of the students, 53.5 % declared themselves to be blind and 46.2 % said that they were visually subnormal, the majority of the problems were congenital (84.6%). The most frequently mentioned causes of visual impairment were premature retinopathy (21.4 %), congenital glaucoma (21.4%) and congenital cataracts (14.3%). A reduced proportion of students with visual impairment were observed inside the public teaching system in Campinas(26). A high mean age (17.1 years), a low leveI of schooling (65.3 % attending fundamental teaching) and a high leveI of repetition of years (73.1 %) were noted. For both the blind and the low vision students the poor preparation of the teachers and the difficulty in accessing specific didactic material for visually impaired individuais were highlighted as reasons for the high leveI of repetition and consequent falling behind in schooling. Some of the low vision students mentioned used of the brail system as a resource for schooling activities (25.0 %), perhaps suggesting a lack of awareness regarding optical and non-optical resources appropriate for their visual condition. The majority of students mentioned participation in rehabilitation institutions (80.8 %), recognizing its contn"bution to their schooling, particularly for learning about locomotion, the brail system, sorobã for the blind and the utilization of the residual vision by the visually subnormal students. Campinas has a privileged situation, in that it has 4 rehabilitation institutions which offer free attendance to visually impaired individuais and which, in the majority, attend to the spontaneous demand of the different modalities of intervention. The improvement of access to optical and non-optical resources and didactic material for visually impaired students is recommended as well as the giving of capacitation courses to both teachers (aiming prepare the teacher for working with the visually impaired student) and the different types of professionals which make up the rehabilitation teams. A gathering of forces is suggested to form a support network composed of a community which appreciates the value of diversity from the effective participation of visually impaired individuais, family, teachers and rehabilitation professionals for the concretization ofthe process of inclusion.

ASSUNTO(S)

cegueira oftalmologia - pesquisa cegos - educação

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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