Cognitive processes related to foreign language production and learning of non-native german speakers: explicative hypothesis / Aspectos do processamento cognitivo relacionado à produção em língua estrangeira e aprendizagem de falantes não-nativos de alemão: hípótese explicativa

AUTOR(ES)

Kelly Stanich

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

From the perspective of neuroscience, cognition can be defined as a process of knowledge acquisition that operates on environmental information as well as on material registered in our memory. This process aims a better adaptation to the environment, involves perception, attention, memory and action and is not always a conscious one. It is therefore more than a simple acquisition of knowledge, but rather also a process of converting that which is apprehended by the learner in accordance with his identity and experiences. This work proposes a theoretical model for cognitive processes related to foreign language production, based on recent neuroscientific theories about memory, learning and processing of representations of frequent linguistic sequences (chunks). The basic hypothesis is that the two learning levels or processes described diversely in language theories (Krashen 1977, 1982, 1985; McLaughlin 1978; Bialystok 1978; Sinclair 1988; Klein 1992 among others) are related to different systems of human memory which can be differentiated not by the time of information storage (long-term and short-term memories), but by the kind or format of the information (Squire and Zola-Morgan 1988, 1991). The so called declarative memory would be related to conscious (explicable) knowledge about language and its rules. Non-declarative memory, in turn, would be responsible for involuntary processing of information and for the ability of using language in communication. This hypothesis brings new interpretations for questions on foreign language production, on knowledge automatization, creativity, the role of output and instruction. Production data from non-native German speakers illustrate aspects of the model.

ASSUNTO(S)

chunks cognição e linguagem criativity memory and language foreign language production cognition and language automatização do conhecimento memória e linguagem criatividade chunks knowledge automatization produção em língua estrangeira

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