Antioxidant activity of plants foods. Structure and bioavailability of wild mulberry (Morus sp.) anthocyanins / Atividade antioxidante de alimentos vegetais. Estrutura e estudo de biodisponibilidade de antocianinas de amora silvestre (Morus sp.)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Flavonoids are of great interest in nutrition and medicine because of their potent antioxidant activity and possible protective effects on human health, reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. To produce a biological effects in vivo, it is essential that sufficient quantities reach the target tissue. The initial objective of the present study was to make a screening of dietetic vegetable to evaluate their antioxidant potential in the diet and select one of the most promising to study the bioavailability of flavonoid. Fruits, vegetables and commercial frozen pulps (FP) consumed in the diet, were analyzed for antioxidant activities using two different methods, one that determines the inhibition of copper-induced peroxidation of liposome, and other based on the inhibition of the co-oxidation of linoleic acid and β-carotene. The anthocyanin-rich samples showed the highest concentration dependent antioxidant activities in both systems. At both 10 and 50 µM gallic acid equivalent addition level, the neutral and acidic flavonoids of red cabbage, red lettuce, black bean, mulberry, Gala apple peel, jambolao, acai frozen pulp (FP), blackberry FP and the acidic flavonoids of acerola FP showed the highest antioxidant activities in both systems. The major flavonoids from wild mulberry (Morus sp.) were identified by UV/Vis e MS/MS spectrometric methods as cyanidin-3-glucoside (cyn-3-glu) and cyanidin-3-glucorhamnoside (cyn-3-glurha). The two glycosilated forms showed maximum concentration at 15 min after oral administration for rats Wistar. Te cyn-3-glu and cyn-3-glurha were found unchanged in plasma but a little amount was found in the metabolized form. The area under the curve of concentration vs time (AAC0-8h) was 2.76 ± 0.88 µg.h/mL and 9.74 ± 0.75 µg.h/g (b.u.) for plasma and kidney, respectively. Then, the estimated uptake of total cyanidin was 0.11% of the initial concentration. In spite of the low absorption, the increase in its anthocyanin content in plasma resulted in significant increase in antioxidant activity (p<0.5). Cyn-3-glu e cyn-3-glurha were found unchanged at gastrointestinal tract (stomach, small and large intestine), but a low amount of the aglycone form was presented, probably due to the endogen or microbial β-glycosidases hydrolyses. Moreover, in vitro fermentation showed that the two glycosylated cyanidins were totally metabolized by the rat colonic microflore. As showed by everted sacs system, anthocyanins from wild mulberry (Morus sp.) were transported across the enterocite by sodium dependent glucose transporter (SGLT1). This conclusion was evidenced because cyn-3-glu and cyn-3-glurha absorption were inhibited by the addition of D-glucose, phloridzin (a potent inhibitor of SGLT1) and remotion of sodium ion from the incubation medium.

ASSUNTO(S)

anthocyanins flavonoids capacidade antioxidante bioavailability alimentos de origem vegetal (atividade; avaliação) morus morus flavonóides pigmentos vegetais (identificação) antocianina biodisponibilidade antioxidant capacity

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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