Signaling Theory
Mostrando 13-24 de 29 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Mechanisms and Constraints on Yeast MAPK Signaling Specificity
The survival of cells relies on their ability to respond specifically to diverse environmental signals. Surprisingly, intracellular signaling pathways often share the same or homologous protein components, yet undesirable crosstalk is, in general, suppressed. This signaling specificity has been well studied in the yeast model system Saccharomyces cerevisiae,
The Biophysical Society.
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14. Reentrant signaling among simulated neuronal groups leads to coherency in their oscillatory activity.
Recent experiments have revealed tightly synchronized oscillatory discharges in local assemblies of cortical neurons as well as phase coherency of oscillations at distant cortical sites. These findings are consistent with the theory of neuronal group selection, a population theory of brain function that is based on the properties of local groups of neurons.
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15. Cost and conflict in animal signals and human language
The “costly signaling” hypothesis proposes that animal signals are kept honest by appropriate signal costs. We show that to the contrary, signal cost is unnecessary for honest signaling even when interests conflict. We illustrate this principle by constructing examples of cost-free signaling equilibria for the two paradigmatic signaling games of Grafen (
The National Academy of Sciences.
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16. Game theory and reciprocity in some extensive form experimental games
We examine decision making in two-person extensive form game trees using nine treatments that vary matching protocol, payoffs, and payoff information. Our objective is to establish replicable principles of cooperative versus noncooperative behavior that involve the use of signaling, reciprocity, and backward induction strategies, depending on the availa
The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.
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17. Temperature-induced switching of the bacterial flagellar motor.
Chemotaxis signaling proteins normally control the direction of rotation of the flagellar motor of Escherichia coli. In their absence, a wild-type motor spins exclusively counterclockwise. Although the signaling pathway is well defined, relatively little is known about switching, the mechanism that enables the motor to change direction. We found that switchi
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18. Pattern formation and traveling waves in myxobacteria: Theory and modeling
Recent experiments have provided new quantitative measurements of the rippling phenomenon in fields of developing myxobacteria cells. These measurements have enabled us to develop a mathematical model for the ripple phenomenon on the basis of the biochemistry of the C-signaling system, whereby individuals signal by direct cell contact. The model quantit
The National Academy of Sciences.
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19. The evolution of language
The emergence of language was a defining moment in the evolution of modern humans. It was an innovation that changed radically the character of human society. Here, we provide an approach to language evolution based on evolutionary game theory. We explore the ways in which protolanguages can evolve in a nonlinguistic society and how specific signals can
The National Academy of Sciences.
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20. Differential Effect of Membrane Cholesterol Removal on μ- and δ-Opioid Receptors: A PARALLEL COMPARISON OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC SIGNALING TO ADENYLYL CYCLASE*
According to the lipid raft theory, the plasma membrane contains small domains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipid, which may serve as platforms to organize membrane proteins. Using methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) to deplete membrane cholesterol, many G protein-coupled receptors have been shown to depend on putative lipid rafts for proper signaling. Here
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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21. Serotonin mediates food-odor associative learning in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
We demonstrate that Caenorhabditis elegans is able to form an association between the presence of the odorant benzaldehyde and the food content of its environment. When exposed to 100% benzaldehyde for 1 h in the absence of food the naive attractive response is reduced, and we have found that this olfactory adaptation is attenuated by the presence of food. C
National Academy of Sciences.
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22. Identification of G protein-coupled receptors for Drosophila PRXamide peptides, CCAP, corazonin, and AKH supports a theory of ligand-receptor coevolution
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are ancient, ubiquitous sensors vital to environmental and physiological signaling throughout organismal life. With the publication of the Drosophila genome, numerous “orphan” GPCRs have become available for functional analysis. Here we characterize two groups of GPCRs predicted as receptors for peptides with a C-termi
National Academy of Sciences.
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23. Amplification of electromagnetic signals by ion channels.
Cells may respond to the exposure of low-frequency electromagnetic fields with changes in cell division, ion influx, chemical reaction rates, etc. The chain of events leading to such responses is difficult to study, mainly because of extremely small energies associated with low-frequency fields, usually much smaller than the thermal noise level. However, the
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24. Robust perfect adaptation in bacterial chemotaxis through integral feedback control
Integral feedback control is a basic engineering strategy for ensuring that the output of a system robustly tracks its desired value independent of noise or variations in system parameters. In biological systems, it is common for the response to an extracellular stimulus to return to its prestimulus value even in the continued presence of the signal—a
The National Academy of Sciences.