Proline Glutamate Pathway
Mostrando 13-24 de 32 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Proline biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: analysis of the PRO3 gene, which encodes delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase.
The PRO3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes the 286-amino-acid protein delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase [L-proline:NAD(P+) 5-oxidoreductase; EC 1.5.1.2], which catalyzes the final step in proline biosynthesis. The protein has substantial similarity to the pyrroline carboxylate reductases of diverse bacterial species, soybean, and humans. Using
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14. Induction of α-Amylase in Barley Endosperm by Substrate Levels of Glutamate and Aspartate 1
Incubation of embryoless barley (Hordeum vulgare) half-seeds for 24 hours with 0.1 m glutamate or aspartate resulted in the release of 17 to 48% as much α-amylase as did incubation with 260 mμm gibberellin. With incubation periods of 48 to 51 hours these amino acids were on the average about half as active as response-saturating concentrations of gibberell
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15. Regulation of cytoplasmic proline levels in Salmonella typhimurium: effect of osmotic stress on synthesis, degradation, and cellular retention of proline.
I investigated the effects of osmotic stress on the synthesis and catabolism of proline in Salmonella typhimurium by measuring the intracellular and extracellular proline levels in various strains. In the wild-type strain, exposure to 0.8 M NaCl did not cause a significant change in the intracellular proline level; however, it brought about a 6.5-fold increa
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16. Isolation of the Ornithine-δ-Aminotransferase cDNA and Effect of Salt Stress on Its Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana1
To evaluate the relative importance of ornithine (Orn) as a precursor in proline (Pro) synthesis, we isolated and sequenced a cDNA encoding the Orn-δ-aminotransferase (δ-OAT) from Arabidopsis thaliana. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high homology with bacterial, yeast, mammalian, and plant sequences, and the N-terminal residues exhibited seve
American Society of Plant Physiologists.
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17. Osmoregulation of a pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase gene in Arabidopsis thaliana.
In Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. proline can account for up to 20% of the free amino acid pool after salt stress. Proline accumulation occurs in plants mainly by de novo synthesis from glutamate. The last step of the proline biosynthetic pathway is catalyzed by pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) reductase. A gene (AT-P5C1) encoding this enzyme in A. thaliana h
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18. Suppression of Proline Requirement of proA and proAB Deletion Mutants in Salmonella typhimurium by Mutation to Arginine Requirement
Eleven variants able to grow without proline (provided arginine was absent) were obtained by spontaneous mutation from Salmonella typhimurium LT7 proA and proAB deletion mutants. Suppression resulted from mutation at argG, which specifies Nα-acetylornithine δ-transaminase. In the absence of exogenous arginine, deficiency of this enzyme would cause derepres
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19. Overexpression of [delta]-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthetase Increases Proline Production and Confers Osmotolerance in Transgenic Plants.
Proline (Pro) accumulation has been correlated with tolerance to drought and salinity stresses in plants. Therefore, overproduction of Pro in plants may lead to increased tolerance against these abiotic stresses. To test this possibility, we overexpressed in tobacco the mothbean [delta]-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, a bifunctional enzyme able to cataly
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20. Lack of Protective Osmolytes Limits Final Cell Density and Volumetric Productivity of Ethanologenic Escherichia coli KO11 during Xylose Fermentation†
Limited cell growth and the resulting low volumetric productivity of ethanologenic Escherichia coli KO11 in mineral salts medium containing xylose have been attributed to inadequate partitioning of carbon skeletons into the synthesis of glutamate and other products derived from the citrate arm of the anaerobic tricarboxylic acid pathway. The results of nucle
American Society for Microbiology.
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21. Proline Metabolism in the Wild-Type and in a Salt-Tolerant Mutant of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Studied by 13C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging1
To obtain insight into the link between proline (Pro) accumulation and the increase in osmotolerance in higher plants, we investigated the biochemical basis for the NaCl tolerance of a Nicotiana plumbaginifolia mutant (RNa) that accumulates Pro. Pro biosynthesis and catabolism were investigated in both wild-type and mutant lines. 13C-Nuclear magnetic resonan
American Society of Plant Physiologists.
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22. Drosophila Alcohol Dehydrogenase Polymorphism and Carbon-13 Fluxes: Opportunities for Epistasis and Natural Selection
The influence of genetic variations in Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) on steady-state metabolic fluxes was studied by means of (13)C NMR spectroscopy. Four pathways were found to be operative during 8 hr of ethanol degradation in third instar larvae of Drosophila. Seven strains differed by 18-25% in the ratio between two major pathway fluxes, i.e., i
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23. Characterization of downstream elements in a Raf-1 pathway.
At the poles of the Drosophila embryo, cell fate is established by a pathway that begins with the activation of a membrane-associated tyrosine kinase (the torso gene product); this then leads to activation of a serine/threonine kinase (Drosophila Raf-1). Activated Raf-1 then leads, by an undefined mechanism, to the transcriptional activation of the tailless
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24. [delta]1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Dehydrogenase from Cultured Cells of Potato (Purification and Properties).
[delta]1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.12), the second enzyme in the proline catabolic pathway and a catalyst for the oxidation of P5C to glutamate, was purified from cultured potato (Solanum tuberosum L. var Desiree) cells. Homogeneous enzyme preparations were obtained by a three-step procedure that used anion-exchange, adsorption, a