Priming In Vitro
Mostrando 13-24 de 279 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Neutrophils isolated from the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: priming and activation in vivo.
The oxidative metabolism of neutrophils isolated from the bloodstream and synovial fluid of 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was compared by measuring the ability of neutrophils to generate luminol dependent chemiluminescence and to secrete O2-. Measurements of receptor mediated--that is, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine stimulated--activation or
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14. Random-priming in vitro recombination: an effective tool for directed evolution.
A simple and efficient method for in vitro mutagenesis and recombination of polynucleotide sequences is reported. The method involves priming template polynucleotide(s) with random-sequence primers and extending to generate a pool of short DNA fragments which contain a controllable level of point mutations. The fragments are reassembled during cycles of dena
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15. Nucleotide priming and reverse transcriptase activity of hepatitis B virus polymerase expressed in insect cells.
Hepadnavirus polymerases initiate reverse transcription in a protein-primed reaction that involves the covalent linkage of the first deoxyribonucleotide to the polymerase polypeptide. Analysis of the initial steps in this reaction as well as certain details of genome replication has been hampered by the difficulties encountered in the expression of functiona
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16. In Vitro Reconstitution of a Functional Duck Hepatitis B Virus Reverse Transcriptase: Posttranslational Activation by Hsp90
Reverse transcription in hepatitis B viruses is initiated through a unique protein priming mechanism whereby the viral reverse transcriptase (RT) first assembles into a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex with its RNA template and then initiates DNA synthesis de novo using the RT itself as a protein primer. RNP formation and protein priming require the assistanc
American Society for Microbiology.
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17. In Vitro Reconstitution of Functional Hepadnavirus Reverse Transcriptase with Cellular Chaperone Proteins
Initiation of reverse transcription in hepadnaviruses (hepatitis B viruses) depends on the specific binding of an RNA signal (the packaging signal, ɛ) on the pregenomic RNA template by the viral reverse transcriptase (RT) and is primed by the RT itself (protein priming). We have previously shown that the RT-ɛ interaction and protein priming require the cel
American Society for Microbiology.
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18. Inhibition of endotoxin-induced priming of human neutrophils by lipid X and 3-Aza-lipid X.
Lipid X, a precursor of lipid A (the toxic moiety of endotoxin), has been shown to protect animals from the lethal effects of endotoxin challenge. We investigated the mechanism of action of lipid X and 3-aza-lipid X, a diamino-analogue, in vitro, using the ability of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to prime neutrophils for an enhanced release of toxic oxygen radica
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19. CAPS Activity in Priming Vesicle Exocytosis Requires CK2 Phosphorylation*
CAPS (Ca2+-dependent activator protein for secretion) functions in priming Ca2+-dependent vesicle exocytosis, but the regulation of CAPS activity has not been characterized. Here we show that phosphorylation by protein kinase CK2 is required for CAPS activity. Dephosphorylation eliminated CAPS activity in reconstituting Ca2+-dependent vesicle exocytosis in p
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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20. Transcomplementation of nucleotide priming and reverse transcription between independently expressed TP and RT domains of the hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase.
Hepadnavirus polymerases initiate reverse transcription in a protein-primed reaction that involves the covalent linkage of the first deoxyribonucleotide to the polymerase polypeptide. We recently expressed human hepatitis B virus (HBV) reverse transcriptase (pol) in insect cells by using the recombinant baculovirus system. The purified protein is active in n
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21. RNase H Cleavage of the 5′ End of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Genome
The synthesis of retroviral DNA is initiated near the 5′ end of the RNA. DNA synthesis is transferred from the 5′ end to the 3′ end of viral RNA in an RNase H-dependent step. In the case of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (and certain other retroviruses that have complex secondary structures at the ends of the viral RNA), there is the possi
American Society for Microbiology.
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22. Pregnant mice are not primed but can be primed to fetal alloantigens.
In this report we present evidence gathered from various stages of murine pregnancy that indicates that pregnant females have no demonstrable immune effector function directed against their semiallogeneic fetuses. Specifically, by using in vitro assays we found that cytotoxic lymphocytes were not present in pregnant mice, and pregnant mice challenged with ra
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23. Priming of polymorphonuclear neutrophils by atrial natriuretic peptide in vitro.
In ischemia-reflow states of coronary artery disease, the activation of PMN precedes the initiation of tissue damage. Release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from myocytes occurs within minutes after the onset of myocardial ischemia, which suggests a possible role of ANP in PMN activation. To investigate this possibility, we tested the effects of ANP on
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24. dNTP versus NTP discrimination by phenylalanine 451 in duck hepatitis B virus P protein indicates a common structure of the dNTP-binding pocket with other reverse transcriptases
Hepatitis B viruses, or hepadnaviruses, are small DNA-containing viruses that replicate through reverse transcription. Their prototype, HBV, causes severe liver disease in humans. The hepadnaviral P protein is an unusual reverse transcriptase (RT) that initiates DNA synthesis by host-factor-dependent protein priming on a specific RNA stem–loop template, ɛ
Oxford University Press.