Pk Pd
Mostrando 25-36 de 52 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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25. Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Efavirenz, Nelfinavir, and Indinavir: Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group Study 398
The present population pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) study modeled the effects of covariates including drug adherence and the coadministration of protease inhibitors (PIs) on the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz (EFV) and the relationship between EFV exposure and virological failure in patients who failed initial PI treatment in Adult AIDS Clini
American Society for Microbiology.
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26. Pharmacodynamic modeling of the in vivo interaction between cefotaxime and ofloxacin by using serum ultrafiltrate inhibitory titers.
The pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of cefotaxime and ofloxacin and of their combination were examined in a three-period randomized crossover study involving 12 healthy adults. The PK of cefotaxime and ofloxacin were modeled. PD was assessed from the predicted concentrations in serum and serum untrafiltrate inhibitory titers for 10 test organ
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27. Use of Preclinical Data for Selection of a Phase II/III Dose for Evernimicin and Identification of a Preclinical MIC Breakpoint
One of the most challenging issues in the design of phase II/III clinical trials of antimicrobial agents is dose selection. The choice is often based on preclinical data from pharmacokinetic (PK) studies with animals and healthy volunteers but is rarely linked directly to the target organisms except by the MIC, an in vitro measure of antimicrobial activity w
American Society for Microbiology.
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28. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of activity of ceftazidime during continuous and intermittent infusion.
We developed and applied pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models to characterize in vitro bacterial rate of killing as a function of ceftazidime concentrations over time. For PK-PD modeling, data obtained during continuous and intermittent infusion of ceftazidime in Pseudomonas aeruginosa killing experiments with an in vitro pharmacokinetic model were
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29. Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling of the Electroencephalogram Effect of Imipenem in Healthy Rats
A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling approach was developed to investigate the epileptogenic activity of imipenem in rats. Initially, animals received an intravenous infusion of imipenem at a rate of 2.65 mg min−1 for 30 min. Blood samples were collected for drug assay, and an electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded during infusion and postin
American Society for Microbiology.
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30. Isoniazid Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics in an Aerosol Infection Model of Tuberculosis
Limited data exist on the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) parameters of the bactericidal activities of the available antimycobacterial drugs. We report on the PK-PD relationships for isoniazid. Isoniazid exhibited concentration (C)-dependent killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in vitro, with a maximum reduction of 4 log10 CFU/ml. In these stu
American Society for Microbiology.
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31. In Vivo Pharmacodynamics of a New Triazole, Ravuconazole, in a Murine Candidiasis Model
In vivo studies have characterized the pharmacodynamic characteristics of the triazole fluconazole. These investigations demonstrated that the ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h to the MIC (24-h AUC/MIC ratio) is the critical pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameter associated with treatment efficacy. Further analysi
American Society for Microbiology.
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32. Pharmacodynamics of a New Triazole, Posaconazole, in a Murine Model of Disseminated Candidiasis
Previous in vivo studies have characterized the pharmacodynamic characteristics of two triazole compounds, fluconazole and ravuconazole. These investigations demonstrated that the 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/MIC ratio is the critical pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) parameter associated with treatment efficacy. Further analysis
American Society for Microbiology.
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33. Pharmacodynamics of Glycopeptides in the Mouse Peritonitis Model of Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus Infection
The emergence of resistance to various antibiotics in pneumococci leaves the glycopeptides as the only antibiotics against which pneumococci have no resistance mechanism. This situation has led to a renewed interest in the use of glycopeptides. It has not yet been possible to conclude which one or more of the pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parame
American Society for Microbiology.
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34. Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling of the In Vitro Activities of Oxazolidinone Antimicrobial Agents against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus▿
Linezolid is the first FDA-approved oxazolidinone with activity against clinically important gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin (meticillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). RWJ-416457 is a new oxazolidinone with an antimicrobial spectrum similar to that of linezolid. The goal of the present study was to develop a general pharmacokinetic (
American Society for Microbiology (ASM).
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35. Nitric Oxide Mediates the Indole Acetic Acid Induction Activation of a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade Involved in Adventitious Root Development1
Recently, it was demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) and cGMP are involved in the auxin response during the adventitious rooting process in cucumber (Cucumis sativus; Pagnussat et al., 2002, 2003). However, not much is known about the complex molecular network operating during the cell proliferation and morphogenesis triggered by auxins and NO in that proces
American Society of Plant Biologists.
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36. Pharmacokinetics (PK), Pharmacodynamics (PD), and PK-PD Integration of Danofloxacin in Sheep Biological Fluids
The fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug danofloxacin was administered to sheep intravenously (i.v.) and intramuscularly (i.m.) at a dose of 1.25 mg/kg of body weight in a two-period crossover study. The pharmacokinetic properties of danofloxacin in serum, inflamed tissue cage fluid (exudate), and noninflamed tissue cage fluid (transudate) were established by
American Society for Microbiology.