Higher Brain Death
Mostrando 13-24 de 44 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Use of neuron-specific enolase for assessing the severity and outcome of neurological disorders in patients
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a glycolytic enzyme present almost exclusively in neurons and neuroendocrine cells. NSE levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are assumed to be useful to estimate neuronal injury and clinical outcome of patients with serious clinical manifestations such as those observed in stroke, head injury, anoxic encephalopathy, encephalit
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Publicado em: 2004-01
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14. Re-examining death: against a higher brain criterion.
While there is increasing pressure on scarce health care resources, advances in medical science have blurred the boundary between life and death. Individuals can survive for decades without consciousness and individuals whose whole brains are dead can be supported for extended periods. One suggested response is to redefine death, justifying a higher brain cr
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15. Viscero-somatic and viscero-visceral reflexes in brain death.
Little is known about spinal visceral reflexes in brain-dead man, although they have been described in experimental animals. In 1983, 25 brain-dead individuals were observed during donor nephrectomy. It was confirmed that some of these donors, without higher centre modulation and not under significant pharmacological influence, had viscero-somatic motor refl
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16. Malignant glioma in laboratory workers.
In 1989 an increased risk of cancer, with a higher than expected incidence of brain tumours, was reported in laboratory workers at the Pasteur Institute, Paris. Three cases of primary brain tumours occurring in three laboratory workers from one laboratory in a district general hospital also came to light. Although this may have been due to coincidence or geo
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17. Ischemia-induced brain damage is enhanced in human renin and angiotensinogen double-transgenic mice
To investigate the role of brain angiotensin II (ANG II) in the pathogenesis of injury following ischemic stroke, mice overexpressing renin and angiotensinogen (R+A+) and their wild-type control animals (R−A−) were used for experimental ischemia studies. Focal brain ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The severity of ischemic
American Physiological Society.
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18. Dynamic regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase activity in mouse brain by environmental stimuli
Activation of the recently identified c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) typically results in programmed cell death (apoptosis) in neurons and other cell types grown in culture. However, the effects of JNK activation in the central nervous system in vivo are unknown. At baseline, JNK activity in mice was on average 17-fold higher in brain than in peripheral org
The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.
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19. Caspase-3: A vulnerability factor and final effector in apoptotic death of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease
Caspase-3 is an effector of apoptosis in experimental models of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its potential role in the human pathology remains to be demonstrated. Using caspase-3 immunohistochemistry on the postmortem human brain, we observed a positive correlation between the degree of neuronal loss in dopaminergic (DA) cell groups affected in th
The National Academy of Sciences.
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20. Aerosol and intraperitoneal administration of ribavirin and ribavirin triacetate: pharmacokinetics and protection of mice against intracerebral infection with influenza A/WSN virus.
Ribavirin is active in vitro but not in vivo against a number of viruses capable of causing encephalitis. Ribavirin triacetate (RTA), a lipophilic derivative, has been reported to be more effective than ribavirin in protecting animals from encephalitis. By using an influenza A/WSN virus encephalitis model, we demonstrated that RTA administered by small-parti
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21. Human gliomas and epileptic foci express high levels of a mRNA related to rat testicular sulfated glycoprotein 2, a purported marker of cell death.
Clone pTB16 has been isolated by differential screening of a human glioma cDNA library. Northern blot analysis has shown that pTB16 expression is several times (greater than 11-fold) higher in gliomas than in a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. This observation was supported by in situ hybridization and extended to nine other gliomas. Expression was virtually
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22. Altitude-related deaths in seven trekkers in the Himalayas.
The clinical features and necropsy findings are described for seven trekkers in the Himalayas whose deaths were related to high altitude. The fatal outcome was due to serious pulmonary and cerebral disease. Oedema of the lungs and brain was prominent but so was thrombosis and haemorrhage, features of acute mountain sickness that have received insufficient re
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23. Expression of lactoferrin receptors is increased in the mesencephalon of patients with Parkinson disease.
The degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson disease is believed to be associated with oxidative stress. Since iron levels are increased in the substantia nigra of parkinsonian patients and this metal catalyzes the formation of free radicals, it may be involved in the mechanisms of nerve cell death. The cause of nigral iron increase is not un
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24. Dysphagia in acute stroke.
A prospective study was undertaken to define the incidence, duration, and consequences of dysphagia in an unselected group of 91 consecutive patients who had suffered acute stroke. The site of the present lesion and of any previous stroke was determined clinically and was confirmed by computed tomography of the brain or necropsy in 40 cases. Of 41 patients w