Conflict Of Generations
Mostrando 13-21 de 21 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Does reproductive isolation evolve faster in larger populations via sexually antagonistic coevolution?
Sexual conflict over reproductive investment can lead to sexually antagonistic coevolution and reproductive isolation. It has been suggested that, unlike most models of allopatric speciation, the evolution of reproductive isolation through sexually antagonistic coevolution will occur faster in large populations as these harbour greater levels of standing gen
The Royal Society.
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14. An n Locus Multiallele Model for Gene Substitution
We discuss the conceptual conflict between a slow series of gene substitutions as the mechanism of evolutionary change, and the apparent need for rapid and coordinated changes at many loci simultaneously in producing complex adaptations. To improve on the limitations of classical theory and accommodate the enormous amount of variability disclosed by electrop
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15. Male fitness increases when females are eliminated from gene pool: Implications for the Y chromosome
Because the two sexes share a common gene pool while performing many different biological functions, mutations benefiting one sex may not accumulate due to counter selection in the other sex. In these experiments 99% of a haploid genome of Drosophila melanogaster was constrained to segregate like a male-limited Y chromosome for 41 generations, thereby elimin
The National Academy of Sciences.
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16. rpoS Mutations and Loss of General Stress Resistance in Escherichia coli Populations as a Consequence of Conflict between Competing Stress Responses
The general stress resistance of Escherichia coli is controlled by the RpoS sigma factor (ϕS), but mutations in rpoS are surprisingly common in natural and laboratory populations. Evidence for the selective advantage of losing rpoS was obtained from experiments with nutrient-limited bacteria at different growth rates. Wild-type bacteria were rapidly displac
American Society for Microbiology.
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17. Crystal structure of dihydrofolate reductase from Plasmodium vivax: Pyrimethamine displacement linked with mutation-induced resistance
Pyrimethamine (Pyr) targets dihydrofolate reductase of Plasmodium vivax (PvDHFR) as well as other malarial parasites, but its use as antimalarial is hampered by the widespread high resistance. Comparison of the crystal structures of PvDHFR from wild-type and the Pyr-resistant (SP21, Ser-58 → Arg + Ser-117 → Asn) strain as complexes with NADPH and Pyr or
National Academy of Sciences.
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18. Experimental removal of sexual selection reverses intersexual antagonistic coevolution and removes a reproductive load
Although sexual selection can provide benefits to both sexes, it also can be costly because of expanded opportunities for intersexual conflict. We evaluated the role of sexual selection in a naturally promiscuous species, Drosophila melanogaster. In two replicate populations, sexual selection was removed through enforced monogamous mating with random mate as
The National Academy of Sciences.
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19. Attitudes of subjects at risk and their relatives towards genetic counselling in Huntington's chorea.
Ninety-two patients suffering from Huntington's chorea (HC) and their spouses, and 91 subjects with an affected parent and their spouses, living in three counties of industrial South Wales, have been studied regarding their knowledge of their inheritance of the disorder. Particular attention was paid to its influence on their attitudes towards child-bearing,
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20. Males' evolutionary responses to experimental removal of sexual selection.
We evaluated the influence of pre- and post-copulatory sexual selection upon male reproductive traits in a naturally promiscuous species, Drosophila melanogaster. Sexual selection was removed in two replicate populations through enforced monogamous mating with random mate assignment or retained in polyandrous controls. Monogamous mating eliminates all opport
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21. Evolution of female remating behaviour following experimental removal of sexual selection.
The relatively small number of ova produced by a female can be fertilized by a single ejaculate in most species. Why females of many species mate with multiple males is therefore enigmatic, especially given that costs associated with remating have been well documented. Recently, it has been argued that females may remate at a maladaptive rate as an outcome o