Autonomic Denervation
Mostrando 13-24 de 30 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Diabetic gastroparesis from autonomic neuropathy: surgical considerations and changes in vagus nerve morphology.
Two cases with intractable vomiting due to gastroparesis, a rare feature of diabetic autonomic neuropathy, are described. Both required surgical treatment. In the first a gastroenterostomy was complicated by reflux gastritis requiring a revision operation; in the second a gastrojejunostomy was successful. Electron microscopic studies of the vagus nerve in on
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14. Gastrin responses in patients with adrenergic insufficiency.
High basal gastrin levels in pure autonomic failure could result from peripheral vagus nerve involvement, whereas the increased response during hypoglycaemia may reflect adrenergic supersensitivity. A reduced gastrin increment in multiple system atrophy was found following insulin-hypoglycaemia and is consistent with decreased gastrin release secondary to di
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15. Autonomic dysfunction in diphtheritic neuropathy.
Sympathetic and parasympathetic function and somatic nerve conduction were assessed in ten patients with diphtheritic neuropathy and 28 controls. None of the patients had postural hypotension. The Valsalva ratio was abnormal in two patients who also had myocarditis, but it was normal in five cases. Cardiac vagal dysfunction was found in five patients. One ca
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16. Parasympathetic denervation of the iris in alcoholics with vagal neuropathy.
Parasympathetic innervation of the pupil was studied in 30 alcoholics. Twelve alcoholics had cardiac vagal neuropathy. The resting pupillary diameters in this group were larger, and pupil responses to methacholine were greater, than in control subjects or alcoholics without vagal neuropathy. These observations imply that lesions in the parasympathetic supply
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17. Laryngeal electromyography in multiple system atrophy with autonomic failure.
In five patients with multiple system atrophy, electromyographic studies using a new surface electrode technique, showed unequivocal evidence of denervation of the posterior crico-arytenoid muscle, and in three of them, of the interarytenoid muscle or crico-pharyngeal sphincter. By comparison, only minor electromyographic abnormalities were found in one-thir
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18. QT interval and dispersion in primary autonomic failure.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of the autonomic nervous system in determining QT interval and dispersion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 32 patients with chronic primary (idiopathic) autonomic failure (19 men, mean age 60 years) and 21 normal controls (11 men, mean age 59) without symptoms of ischaemic heart disease were studied retrospectively. Autonomic failure
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19. Supersensitivity of the rabbit iris sphincter muscle induced by trigeminal denervation: the role of substance P.
The rabbit left ophthalmic nerve (first branch of the left trigeminal nerve) was cut at the intracranial, peripheral side of the trigeminal ganglion and the effects of denervation were examined using iris sphincter muscle preparations isolated from the left and right eye, as denervated and control innervated preparations, respectively. Electrical transmural
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20. Nerve conduction studies, skeletal muscle EMG, and sphincter EMG in multiple system atrophy.
Although autonomic failure, parkinsonism, and cerebellar and pyramidal signs are well documented in multiple system atrophy, much less is known about the frequency and severity of involvement of the peripheral nervous system. The frequency and nature of peripheral nerve involvement has therefore been determined in 74 patients with multiple system atrophy usi
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21. Neural Control of Counter-Regulatory Events during Glucopenia in Man
The effect of autonomic denervation on the metabolic and hormonal responses during intracellular glucopenia in man was investigated. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2 DG), a competitive inhibitor of glucose metabolism, was administered intravenously to nine normal volunteers and to five patients, three with complete cervical cord transection (C-6) and two with idiopathic
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22. Abnormal regional blood flow responses during and after exercise in human sympathetic denervation.
1. Blood pressure, superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and skeletal muscle blood flow, cardiac index (CI) and systemic vascular resistance responses to supine leg exercise were measured in six age-matched normal subjects (controls) and in eleven subjects with sympathetic denervation due to primary autonomic failure (AF). 2. During exercise, blood pressure rose
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23. Immunohistochemical demonstration of choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive preganglionic nerve fibers in guinea pig autonomic ganglia.
The distribution of choline acetyltransferase (ChoAcTase)-like immunoreactivity in the superior cervical ganglion and the stellate ganglion was analyzed with immunohistochemistry. A dense network of ChoAcTase-immunoreactive nerve fibers was observed in both ganglia studied. The ChoAcTase-positive fibers were found in all parts of the ganglia but had a differ
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24. Visceral vasodilatation and somatic vasoconstriction evoked by acid challenge of the rat gastric mucosa: diversity of mechanisms.
1. Acid back-diffusion through a disrupted gastric mucosal barrier increases blood flow to the stomach without any change in systemic blood pressure. This study was undertaken to examine the gastric acid-evoked changes in blood flow in a number of visceral and somatic arterial beds and to elucidate the mechanisms which lead to the regionally diverse haemodyn