Voiding disfunction in patients with Parkinsons disease: association between clinical and urodynamic parameters / Distúrbios miccionais em pacientes com doença de Parkinson: associação entre parâmetros clínicos e urodinâmicos

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Voiding dysfunction often occurs in patients with Parkinsons disease, but its association with patients age, gender, degree of neurological impairment, and disease duration is not fully known. In this study, we assessed the prevalence and characteristics of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with Parkinsons disease and examined their association with those clinical parameters that could have an impact on voiding dysfunction. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 110 patients, of which 84 were men (76.4%) and 26 were women (23.6%), with a mean age of 61.8 ± 9.6 years. The inclusion criteria were: idiopathic Parkinsons disease and age >40 years. Patients with other neurological diseases and history of pelvic surgery and radiotherapy were excluded. Mean duration of the disease was 12.3 ± 7.2 years. The neurological impairment was assessed by the Hoehn-Yahr scale (HY) and the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Lower urinary tract symptoms were assessed by the International Continence Society male questionnaire, which included a question about quality of life related to LUTS. Those patients who wanted to be treated for their voiding dysfunction were considered as symptomatic. They underwent urine analysis, serum creatinine measurement, PSA, urinary tract imaging and urodynamic study. We examined the association between voiding dysfunction and age, gender, disease duration, degree of neurological impairment, impact on quality of life, and urodynamic findings. RESULTS: The neurological assessment showed a mean HY score of 3.0 ± 0.8 and a mean UPDRS score of 70.0 ± 31.1. Mean LUTS score was 11.9 ± 9.3, and the most prevalent symptoms were nocturia in 89 (80.9%) patients, urgency in 40 (36.3%), and frequency in 39 (35.4%). Mean duration of LUTS was 3.8 ± 3.4 years. The prevalence of voiding dysfunction increased significantly with the degree of neurological impairment, but not with patients age or disease duration. Quality of life was affected by the severity of the voiding dysfunction, and the symptoms with the worst impact on quality of life were frequency and nocturia. Sixty-three patients (57.2%) were symptomatic and 54 (43 men and 11 women) concluded the evaluation. Symptomatic patients had more severe neurological dysfunction (mean HY 3.2 ± 0.8 vs 2.8 ± 0.9 for asymptomatic patients; p=0.035). Symptomatic and asymptomatic patients did not differ as to age, disease duration and LUTS. Mean prostate volume was 30.3 ± 10.7 cc. The urodynamic findings were bladder outlet obstruction in 38 (70.3%) patients, detrusor overactivity in 27 (50.0%), and detrusor underactivity in 6 (11.1%). The degree of neurological impairment was not associated with any urodynamic pattern. The only difference observed between symptomatic men and women was that the voiding symptoms were more severe in men. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with Parkinsons disease have significant voiding dysfunction, and the severity of the neurological disease is the main predictive factor for the occurrence of voiding dysfunction. Bladder outlet obstruction and detrusor overactivity are the most common urodynamic findings, although not associated with the degree of neurological impairment. Men and women are equally affected by LUTS and show similar urodynamic findings.

ASSUNTO(S)

prevalence urination disorders neurogenic bladder micção urination qualidade de vida urodynamic urodinâmica bexiga neurogênica doença de parkinson parkinson disease prevalência quality of life transtornos urinários

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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