Trends in the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian preschool children / Estudo da tendência das lesões dentárias traumáticas em crianças de 5 a 59 meses de idade. Diadema - São Paulo

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) present high prevalence in many countries. Epidemiological studies on TDI are important to determine the disease prevalence and to establish oral health promotion strategies. No study in the literature shows trend in TDI in primary dentition. The aim of this study was: 1) To determine the prevalence and distribution of TDI in the primary teeth of preschool children living in Diadema, Brazil, and to investigate its association with malocclusions and socio-economic factors; and 2) to assess trend in the prevalence of TDI in preschool children in Diadema, Brazil, during 2002 and 2006. Three cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 2002, 2004 and 2006, using the same protocol. All surveys were on children aged 5-59 months. Participants were selected from all children attending during The National Day of Children Vaccination. TDI were classified according to the modified classification proposed by Ellis (1970). In addition to these criteria the presence of tooth discoloration was also recorded. The presence of malocclusions (anterior open bite, overjet and short upper lip seemed) was assessed based on the criterion of lack of vertical overlap of the incisors in the occlusal position. An interview was carried out with mothers or guardians. The data collected included the Jarman Index (1983). Statistical analysis included Chi-square, Logistic Regression and Chi-square for trend. The prevalence of TDI in 2006 was 13.9%. The maxillary central incisor was the most affected teeth, without differences between the right and the left side. No significant difference between boys and girls. The most common crown fracture was in enamel only (10.8%), followed by tooth discoloration (2.3%), crown fracture of enamel and dentin(1.4%), missing teeth (0.7%) and fistulous tract without signs of caries (0.2%). Children with anterior open bite, overjet and short upper lip seemed to have more TDI compared to those with normal occlusions (p<0.05). Socio-economic factors were not statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of TDI. Concerning the trend analysis, prevalence were: 9.4% in 2002, 12.9% in 2004, and 13.9% in 2006; there was an increase in the prevalence of TDI between 2002 and 2006; and 2002 and 2004 (p = 0.012), however between 2004 and 2006 the increase was not significant (p=0.5). When each study was evaluated separetly, the increase in TDI with the increase of age of the children was confirmed to be significant (p<0.001).

ASSUNTO(S)

epidemiology tooth injuries traumatismos dentários preschool epidemiologia child pré-escolar

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