Toxic effects of Senna occidentalis on lymphohematopoetic system: evaluation of its exposure in rats during the growth and pre-natal period / Efeitos tóxicos da senna occidentalis sobre o sistema linfo-hematopoiético: avaliação da exposição de ratos durante a fase de crescimento e pré-natal

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The aim of present study was to determinate the Senna occidentalis (So) toxic effects on lymphohematopoetic system in rats during the growth and pre-natal period. The effects were evaluated on the basis of food consumption, weight gain, hematological and immunological parameters, as well as histopathology analysis. Initially, the study was done in growing rats exposed to S. occidentalis seeds in different concentrations: 1% (So1), 2% (So2) and 4% (So4) in feed during 14 or 28 days. Peer feeding-group of rats (PF) was also evaluated; this group received the same amount of feed of those from So4-group, however, free of S. occidentalis seeds. S. occidentalis 14 days exposure decreased food consumption, weight gain, thymus relative organ weight and bone marrow cellularity and increased the spleen relative weight of rats from So2 and So4-group. However, So4- and PF- groups also presented a decreased bone marrow cellularity. All seed exposed-groups and also PF-group had a decrease on neutrophil phagocytosis percentage; however, only rats from So4-group had a decreased neutrophil basal burst. Spleen morphologic analysis indicated the presence of extramedular hematopoietic proliferation and increased multinucleated megakariocytes on So4-group. Similar results were found for all the parameters described after S. occidentalis exposure during 28 days. Furthermore, the rats of So-4 group presented microcytic and hypochromic anemia. On a second moment, rats offspring exposed to S. occidentalis at 4% in feed during the 6th to 20th gestational day and rats offspring of PF group were evaluated. The So4- and PF- rats offspring groups presented an increased neutrophil oxidative burst and phagocytosis, however PF-rats offspring group also had an altered complete blood count compatible with megaloblastic anemia. Moreover spleen morphologic analysis indicated the presence of extramedular hematopoiesis on So4 rats offspring group. Therefore, the present study showed that S. occidentalis can compromise some immunological parameters in rats exposed to seeds during different development periods. This exposure also promotes toxic effects on erythrocytes. The PF group allowed us to verify that the observed effects are related to direct S. occidentalis toxic effects and not due a possible nutritional alteration caused by the reduced feed ingestion.

ASSUNTO(S)

animal pathology plantas tóxicas sistema linfo-hematopoiético senna occidentalis poisonous plants rats senna occidentalis ratos

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