The dramatic context of Laches and its relation to Plato s Apology / A contextualização dramatica do Laques e sua relação com a Apologia de Platão

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

According to what states Plato in his Apology, the defense plan ((πρόθεστς) executed by Socrates possess as its nucleus the refutation (έλεγχος) of old slanders pronounced against him, to the detriment of the accusations that led him to court. Since it not only grants the philosopher a higher degree of temerity to those slanders – because of the γραΦή (written accusation) imposed by Meletus – but also credits them for the result of the trial (Apology 35e-36b). But what would be the reason for similar allusion? In other words, why would Socrates be convinced of having refuted the γραΦή that had been imposed to him and not the old accusations? This dissertation supports that the main cause of this “failure” lays on the impossibility of applying the έλεγχος. Therefore, the absence of a speaker prevents from carrying out the έρωτησις (dialogic process), procedure without which the method used by Socrates in that text becomes innocuous. Thereby, later on, Plato would find himself in the imminence of refuting those accusations, however, without making any use for that matter of the έλεγχος. But how to do away with similar task? Is suggested that an attempt of solution presents itself in the Laches, in the process of dramatization that involves the dialogue. In that way, the “dramatic context” present in the text, far from constituting itself as a reflex of a supposed literary geniality of Plato, is an extension of the defense presented in the Apology. Procedure that would allow a slow and propaedeutic rehabilitation to Socrates, and that would be founded in the exaltation – by distinguished Athens citizens – of the many αρηταί of the master, as well as in the critic to the current legal system (Laches 184d-e). That is what allowed Plato, in a single time, one moment refute those slanders presented in the Apology, suppressing the methodological lack of the έλεγχος, the next rehabilitate, before the pólis, the image of his injusticed master.

ASSUNTO(S)

sokrates dialogos dialogues dialectic platon dialetica

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