Sistema universal e sistema de cotas para negros na Universidade de Brasília : um estudo de desempenho

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

This study analyzes data referring the first selection process using the quota system for African descendants at Universidade de Brasilia (UnB). The candidates (both those who signed up and those who were approved) are characterized in terms of the demand for vacancies and their performance in the vestibular (higher education entrance examination), comparing those who chose the selection by quotas system and the general system. The performance of the respective students at the end of the first semester was also investigated and these data were compared to the results obtained at the vestibular, so as to analyze if better performance in the course is associated to better performance in the vestibular and if this possible relationship is similar or not for students in both segments (included and not included in the quota system). As to the differences in the demand for vacancies, those who participate in the quota system tend to prefer courses with less competitors per vacancy, which, in general, require a lower performance on the exam. This suggests the hypothesis of self-selection, a mechanism used by those who tend to choose less competitive courses as a way of overcoming the competitiveness of the vestibular and gaining access to higher education. When it comes to performance, in practically all the groups analyzed, the participants in the general system perform better than those in the quota system. As to the performance of those approved in the two selection processes, their final grades follow the same profile, and those approved through the general system continue to perform better than those in the quota system. Some discoveries are a cause of concern, such as the percentage of almost 90% of quota system participants with a low Gross Score in the medium performance courses in sciences. When one considers the performance in the first semester of the course, of those approved in the vestibular, what is observed is that better performance in the course (IRA) is not always associated to better performance in the vestibular (EB), for participants and non participants in the quota system. The scenario of data related to in-course performance does not confirm the hypothesis of performance in the vestibular predicting future performance, although, in some groups, the relations between the two (performance in the vestibular and in the first semester) are visible and positive. The relative predominance of low performance during the courses first semester among those who enter through the quota process leads us to recognize the conditioning factors in this process, such as the absence of a specific policy for serving and supporting these students, who, many times, lack the means to support their higher education. UnB has opted for differential treatment towards African descendant students, through a quota system, but has not maintained this differential pattern in the university, in terms of pedagogical and financial support throughout the course, which may compromise the results of the policy implemented.

ASSUNTO(S)

negros-ensino superior gestão da educação educação-políticas públicas vestibular educacao ação afirmativa sistema de cotas

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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