Síntese de biodiesel etílico de girassol utilizando transesterificação alcalina seguido da adição on pot de H2SO4 / Biodiesel synthesis from sunflower oil through alkaline transesterification followed on pot addition of sulfuric acid

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

In this study, the on pot addition of sulfuric acid was studied in the transesterification process of sunflower oil, using ethanol and methanol, by basic catalysis (NaOH or KOH). That addition implicated in successfully separation of FAEEs from FAMEs/glycerin phases due to soap breaking. The on pot additions yield free fatty acids and salt (Na2SO4 or K2SO4). Esterification of free fatty acids from biodiesel raw mixture, was applied to achieve the biofuels standards. Then the fatty acids presents in biodiesel were esterified using sulfuric acid, 5 and 10% w/w, in a mixture present with a molar ratio of 60:1 and 80:1 alcohol:fatty acid. The influence of the quantity of catalyst was also studied on a parallel saponification reaction. According to the results, the soap quantity formed in this process, varied from 1.80 to 10.66% to 1 and 2% catalyst, respectively. The on pot addition of sulfuric acid increase of biodiesel yield and also a decrease of effluents production proceeding from the soap washes remove. Diverse analysis had been done to evaluate biodiesel quantity, except oxidative stability, other parameters are according to Resolution 42 of the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). Glycerin was obtained with a 95% glycerol purity, with an limpid and uncolored aspect, its mainly contaminant is the salt proceeding from the catalysis neutralization.

ASSUNTO(S)

óleo de girassol sunflower oil ethylic biodiesel quimica organica alkaline transesterification biodiesel etílico transesterificação alcalina

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