SÃndrome das pernas inquietas em pacientes com insuficiÃncia renal crÃnica e em sujeitos sem doenÃa renal: um estudo comparativo / Restless Legs Syndrome in patients with CRF and in subjects who had no renal disease reported: a clinical comparative study

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Purpose: To determine the frequency and the clinical characteristics of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and in a control group. Subjects and method: Two hundred fifty-two individuals were evaluated at random, 123 from the group of patients with CRF, and 129 from the control group. They were evaluated by means of a standardized clinical questionnaire having their identification data, essential criteria for their diagnosis, and a scale of severity of RLS as set up by the IRLSSG. Data of characterization of RLS as an evolution form, search of worsening and relieving factors, onset age of RLS, family records of RLS among first degree relatives, smoking, coffee and alcoholic beverage intake, and use of medication were applied. Laboratory exams, clearance of creatinine, and renal disease data were required for the patients. Results: The frequency of RLS was of 21.1% for the group with CRF and 10.9% for the control group (p= 0.0038). When we compare the sub-groups of patients with CRF, both dialytic and non-dialytic, with the control group, the frequency was different only in the patients under dialytic treatment (p= 0.024). The existence of RLS in the family history increased the chance of showing the syndrome in 16.8 times among individuals of the control group, and in 10.4 times among patients with CRF. Only the evolution and report of relieving factors of the symptoms differed from the statistically significant form among the onset subjects in both groups. The type exacerbation/ relief predominated over the onset individuals in the group of patients, and the spontaneous remissible form was observed in the control group only. The steplike evolution was not found in any of those onsets by the syndrome. The groups did not differ as to the report of worsening factors of RLS. As events that may worsen the symptoms, the patients with CRF relate prolonged immobilization, tiresomeness, menstruation, pre-menstrual period, undergoing hemodialysis, and stress. On the other hand, the controls reported stress, tiresomeness, ingestion of vitamins, long time rest, pregnancy, and increase of menstrual bleeding. Only 3 subjects of the control group reported relieving factors of the syndrome. They were: walking around, warm shower, leg wetting, and pregnancy. The patients with CRF, with or without RLS, did not show any significant statistical difference as to hemoglobin, hematocrit values, and calcium, phosphate, iron serum levels. As to patients who had had renal transplantation and had no laboratory analysis of serum iron, they did not take part in that statistical analysis of those data. Conclusion: The frequency of RLS among patients with CRF is greater than that observed in individuals without renal disease, and enhances as CRF develops. In general, the clinical characteristics of RLS among patients with CRF are similar to those in the control group, the differences occurring in the clinical evolution which happens with exacerbation/relief among the population with CRF, probably due to the high potency of clinical instability to which those patients are subject

ASSUNTO(S)

chronic renal failure insuficiÃncia renal crÃnica, diÃlise restless legs syndrome sÃndrome das pernas inquietas neurologia dialysis

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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