Regulation of Na+ and K+ homeostasis in plants: towards improved salt stress tolerance in crop plants

AUTOR(ES)

Almeida, Diego M., Oliveira, M. Margarida, Saibo, Nelson J. M.

FONTE

Genet. Mol. Biol.

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

27/03/2017

RESUMO

Abstract Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that results in considerable crop yield losses worldwide. However, some plant genotypes show a high tolerance to soil salinity, as they manage to maintain a high K+/Na+ ratio in the cytosol, in contrast to salt stress susceptible genotypes. Although, different plant genotypes show different salt tolerance mechanisms, they all rely on the regulation and function of K+ and Na+ transporters and H+ pumps, which generate the driving force for K+ and Na+ transport. In this review we will introduce salt stress responses in plants and summarize the current knowledge about the most important ion transporters that facilitate intra- and intercellular K+ and Na+ homeostasis in these organisms. We will describe and discuss the regulation and function of the H+-ATPases, H+-PPases, SOS1, HKTs, and NHXs, including the specific tissues where they work and their response to salt stress.

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