Reavaliação do contexto tectonico dos basaltos do greenstone belt do Rio Itapicuru (Bahia), com base na geoquimica de elementos-traço / Tectonic setting of basalts from the Rio Itapicuru greenstone belt revisited (Bahia, Bazil) by trace-element geochemistry

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The Paleoproterozoic Rio Itapicuru Greenstone Belt, situated in the Serrinha Block - northeast São Francisco Craton, has a sequence of basaltic rocks whose tectonic setting is under discussion, i.e whether a back arc setting or intracontinental rift. The basalt geochemistry was revisited on the basis of incompatible trace elements data, such as high field strength elements (HFSE), low field strength element (LFSE) and the rare earth elements (REE). The basalts are well exposed along the Itapicuru River where the study is concentrated. They are composed of massive and pillowed flows with occasional variolitic to porphyritic structures; they show metamorphic paragenesis indicative of greenschist to amphibolite facies. The basalts are essentially Fe-rich tholeiites that can be separated into two groups: ThI ? with high abundances of Ti-P and other trace elements, and ThII ? with low abundances of Ti-P and other trace elements. The ThII group is geochemically more primitive than ThI and is relatively enriched in compatible elements (e.g. Mg, Ni e Cr) and show higher mg-number. The two basalt groups crop out in geographically distinct areas: ThI dominates in the eastern part of the basalts exposure area, whereas ThII is restricted to the western part of it. Selective enrichment in some large ion lithophile elements (LILE), such as Rb, Ba, Na and Cs indicates that the basalts were affected significantly by postmagmatic processes (low-grade metamorphism and ocean water interaction). The large variation of some trace element ratios (e.g. Ti, P, Zr, Nb, Th), indicate that the two basalt groups cannot be linked by fractional crystallization of a single parental magma. Instead, the two groups are likely to have derived from liquids resulting from different degrees of partial melting from a similar mantle source, followed by shallow level fractional crystallization. Geochemical modelling suggests melt rates around 10-25% of the same lithospheric mantle source (LaN/NbN ? 1), with no garnet in the residue (LaN/LuN ~ 1). The suggested source is a lherzolite or plagioclase lherzolite that experienced a first stage of partial melting (10-15%) to give the ThI, and later the ThII group by higher partial melting rates (15-25%). The negative Nb anomaly on mantle-normalised multi-element diagrams and the geochemical similarities with continental flood basalts (e.g. Paraná and Deccan) indicate a significant crustal signature. The combined mode of field occurrence and the trace-element data indicate petrotectonic similarities with transitional-type basalts, thus rendering support to a tectonic setting transitional between continent and ocean, probably similar to the present-day Atlantic continental margin

ASSUNTO(S)

petrogenese geoquimica - itapicuru greenstone belt rio (ba) greenstone belt petrogenesys tectonica (geologia) tectonic geochemistry

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