Propriedades fisicas e transições de fase da banana nanica submetida a secagem com pulso HTST (inicial). / Physical properties and fase transitions of banana nanica on applying an initial HTST drying pulse.

AUTOR(ES)

Kelly Hofsetz

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

This study was conducted to evaluate the drying of bananas by a high temperature and short time drying pulse combined with hot air-drying process stage at 70°C. Firstly, Portuguese and Brazilian bananas samples were dried and the changes of shrinkage, porosity and structure during drying were analyzed. This results were compared with those obtained in a conventional air-drying process at 70°C. After that, sorption isotherms of samples from Portugal and Brazil, as well the phase transitions of the Brazilian banana, were studied. The results of the first part showed that shrinkage changes during drying was more intense to the conventional air-drying process at 70°C, and a line ar decrease in volume with the decrease in moisture ratio was observed reaching 30%, while the porosity increased uniformly reaching values of about 32%. The high temperature and short time drying pulse combined with hot air- drying process stage at 70°C resulted in the formation of a highly porous structure (45,5% to 57,5%) and reduced shrinkage (42% to 68,5%) when compared with the conventional air-drying process. Structural observations of the banana samples during the processes studied were able to explain the volume and porosity changes. The BET and GAB equations gave the best fit to the experimental sorption data for Portuguese fresh bananas and the GAB model was found to be the best-fitted equation for all dried bananas (Portuguese and Brazilian samples) and both models gave information about the shelf-stability for the samples. The glass transition temperature occurred for all samples studied and decreased as water content increased, confirming the water plasticization effect. The Gordon-Taylor equation was able to predict the dependence of the glass transition temperature on moisture content for the Portuguese fresh samples. A linear dependence of the kGT (Gordon-Taylor equation?s constant) and the experimental glass transition temperature was found for the Brazilian samples.

ASSUNTO(S)

glass transition temperature temperatura de transição vitrea banana porosity banana - secagem isotermas de sorção sorption isotherms porosidade shrinkage

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