Produção de flavonoides e atividade oxido nitrico sintase na resposta de defesa de soja ao fungo causador do cancro da haste

AUTOR(ES)

Luzia Valentina Modolo

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2001

RESUMO

The formation of phytoalexin is part of the defense mechanism of soybeans against the fungus Diaporthe phaseolorum f. sp. meridionalis (Dpm), the causal agent of stem canker disease. In this work, the involvement of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in phytoalexin production was examined. Phytoalexin formation and NOS activity in soybean cotyledons stimulated with a Dpm extract were compared with the levels in cotyledons exposed to sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. The flavonoids were identified and quantified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using authentic standards. NOS activity was determined by the biosynthesis of L-[U_14C] citrulline from L-[U_14C] arginine. Exposure of soybean cotyledons to the Dpm extract or SNP resulted in a high accumulation of phytoalexin, but this was not observed when SNP was replaced by ferricyanide, a structural analog of SNP devoid of the NO moiety. Phytoalexin production induced by the Dpm extract, but not by SNP, was prevented when the cotyledons were pretreated with NOS inhibitors. The Dpm extract also induced NOS activity in soybean cotyledon tissue proximal to the site of extract application. No such activity was observed with SNP. The induced NOS activity was Ca2+- and NADPH-dependent and was sensitive to the NOS inhibitors L-NAME [NGnitro-L-arginine methyl ester], AMG [aminoguanidine] and L-NIL [L-N6-(iminoethyl) Iysine]. The induction of NOS activity preceded the maximal accumulation of flavonoids in cotyledons exposed to the Dpm extract. The accumulation of these metabolites was faster in SNP than in Dpm treated cotyledons. These results suggest that Dpm extract induce NOS activity, with the formation of NO subsequently stimulating biosynthesis of flavonoids. There was no significant difference in the phytoalexin accumulation between cotyledons from cultivars IAC-18 and IAC-14 which are resistant and susceptible to Dpm, respectively. Thus, both cultivars should be able to defend themselves against attacks by pathogens in the earlier stages of plant development

ASSUNTO(S)

oxido nitrico soja cancro (fitopatologia) flavonoides

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