Produção de biogás a partir de glicerol oriundo de biodiesel / Biogas production from glycerol generated on biodiesel industry

AUTOR(ES)

Michael Barbosa Viana

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

29/04/2011

RESUMO

The Brazilian legislation demands the use of biodiesel mixed with diesel in an increasing rate. This raise on biodiesel production implies also on an increase on generation of glycerol, which is a liquid or semi-solid waste with high concentration of salts (approximately 46.1 g\ CL POT.-\ /L) and organic matter (1260 gCOD/L in average). Despite being widely used in chemical industry, the residual glycerol contains impurities that limit its industrial processing. In order to add value to this residue, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) at laboratory scale (14.85 L of working volume), fed with glycerol generated on biodiesel industry, was used to produce biogas, which can be used for power generation via methane. This wasted glycerin was produced by the transesterification process of a mixture of the cottonseed oil and soybean oil (2:3, v:v) in a Petrobras S/A biodiesel plant. During operation, the organic loading rate (OLR) was gradually increased from 2.0 to 10.0 kgCOD/\ M POT.3\ .d., and the dilution of residual glycerol in the influent was reduced from 1:1500 to 1:5. The UASB reactor was able to remove 97.5% of the organic matter, producing biogas with 59% of \ CH IND.4\ , and VFA/Alk\ H\ CO IND.3\ POT.-\ ratio below 0.3, even with a very high concentration of chloride in the bulk liquid (14 g\ CL POT.-\ /L). However, it was necessary to add nutrients in adequate concentrations to prevent the system from collapsing. The toxicity tests showed that the residual glycerol used in the research was not toxic to the anaerobic sludge. The anaerobic biodegradability test indicated that the residual glycerol was 65.9% biodegradable and the biochemical methane production potential was 0.220 \ M POT.3\ CH IND.4\ /kg Glycerol.

ASSUNTO(S)

anaerobic digestion biocombustíveis biofuels digestão anaeróbia glicerina glycerin reator uasb uasb reactor

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