Prevalência e fatores associados à hipoglicemia transitória em recém-nascidos internados em Hospital Amigo da Criança / Prevalence and factors associated with transient hypoglycaemia in newborns hospitalized in a Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Introduction: the glucose is a major substrate for brain cellular metabolism. The neonatal hypoglycaemia is associated with a risk of developing neurological sequelae. The neonatal hypoglycaemia affecting 3% to 43% infant newborns and their prevalence in full-term newborns admitted in the Baby-Friendly Initiative Hospital, on exclusive breastfeeding, has been little explored in Brazil. Objective: to analyze the occurrence of transient hypoglycaemia in newborns admitted to a maternity ward that adopts The Baby-Friendly initiative Hospital Model. Method: a cross-sectional study whose data were extracted from 381 newborn hospital records undergoing capillary blood glucose control in the first 24 hours of life and from their mothers hospital records, admitted in the room-in ward at School Hospital of University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, from July to December, 2006. Data were collected after the research project was approved by the Local Research Ethics Committee. Data were collected, stored and analyzed using SPSS 13.0 for Windows and NCSS / PASS 2000 Dawson Edition. Chi-square and Fishers tests to determine the association between qualitative variables were applied, = 0,05 (p value <0.05) were adopted to consider statistical differences. Results: the prevalence of hypoglycemia was 1.1%. The variables hypertension during the pregnancy; intravenous continuous infusion of glucose during the labor; nipple excoriation in the first 24 hours after delivery showed statistical significance with the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia, respectively, p = 0.0283, p <0.0001 and p = 0.0058. The frequency of neonates who developed hypoglycemia was lower in the group of infants breastfed between the second and sixth hour of life (p = 0.0013), the occurrence of diagnosis of neonatal hypoglycemia was higher among newborns who had capillary blood glucose values 40 mg/dL in the first 24 hours of life, 15 (83.3%), with p <0.0001. The group of neonates with symptomatic hypoglycemia, 210 (55.1%), had more babies with diagnosis of hypoglycemia, (p = 0.0137). Conclusion: the neonatal hypoglycemia is a rare metabolic disorder that affects the healthy full-term newborns especially in the first six hours of life. Some obstetric factors, breastfeeding patterns, lactation conditions and symptomatic neonates, particularly when the baby shows signs of tremor should be regarded as predictors of developing neonatal hypoglycemia. Studies should be conducted to examine the relationship between gestational diabetes and the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia in full term neonates who exclusively breastfed

ASSUNTO(S)

fatores de risco enfermagem neonatal risk factors hipoglicemia neonatal neonatal hypoglycemia neonatal nursing breastfeeding amamentação

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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