Pós-tratamento de efluente de reator UASB em sistema de lodos ativados visando a remoção biológica do nitrogênio associada à remoção físico-química do fósforo. / Association of biological removal of nitrogen and physical-chemical of phosphorus by means of activated sludge post-treatment of UASB reactor effluent.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

In this research work a pilot-scale, activated sludge plant was operated to treat the treated effluent of an anaerobic treatment system, in order to remove nitrogen and phosphorus. The pilot unit was composed of anoxic reactor, aerobic reactor and secondary settler. The experiments were carried out while keeping both the affluent and return sludge flow rates at 50 L/hr and the sludge age at about 10 days during all experimental phases. In order to assess phosphorus removal, four experiments or experimental phases were conducted under certain operational conditions: PHASE 1) without ferric chloride and without polymer addition; PHASE 2) ferric chloride addition (80 mg/L) and no polymer addition; PHASE 3) ferric chloride addition (80 mg/L) and polymer addition (1 mg/L of cationic, medium-sized molecular weight polymer); and PHASE 4) ferric chloride addition (150 mg/L) and no polymer addition. The following conclusions were obtained: A) The activated sludge system utilized to treat effluents from anaerobic reactors is not efficient to remove nitrogen, due to the lack of adequate concentrations of organic matter to the denitrifying microorganisms, B) Regarding ammonia removal the activated sludge system was effective, reaching average removal efficiencies always above 95 %, C) The utilization of ferric chloride for the physico-chemical removal of phosphorus presented good efficiencies for high Fe/Ptot ratios of the affluent to the treatment system. The Fe/Ptot ratios of the affluent to the treatment system varied from: 1,8 to 2,8 in phase 2; 1,7 to 3,0 in phase 3; and 4,9 to 7,1 in phase 4 of experiments. With ratios in the ranges of 1,5 to 2,1:1 and 2,3 to 2,8:1 one expected to obtain phosphorus removal levels around 85 % and 95 % respectively. That did not happen. The phosphorus removal efficiencies varied from: 53 to 74% in phase 2; 65 to 73% in phase 3; and 87 to 99% in phase 4 of experiments. Such facts can be explained by the fact that mixing in the aerobic reactor was not capable of providing adequate contact between the coagulant and the phosphorus, D) The application of ferric chloride reduced the VSS/TSS ratio in the aeration tank due to the formation of “chemical sludge”. The VSS/TSS ratios varied from: 0,62 to 0,75 in phase1; 0,45 to 0,70 in phase 2; 0,48 to 0,61 in phase 3; and 0,53 to 0,54 in phase 4 of experiments and E) The treatment system presented good efficiencies of organic matter removal. The removal efficiencies (in terms of total COD) varied from: 59 to 88% in phase 1; 64 to 97% in phase 2; 41 to 91% in phase 3; and 62 to 79% in phase 4 of experiments. The removal efficiencies of organic matter in terms of the filtered effluent COD (thus discarding the problem of loss of solids) varied from: 74 to 86% in phase 1; 78 to 97% in phase 2; 82 to 96% in phase 3; and 86 to 98% in phase 4.

ASSUNTO(S)

tratamento físico tratamento biológico biological treatment lodo ativado tratamento químico activated sludge physical treatment chemical treatment

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