Physics Beyond Standard Model in Theories with Extra Dimensons / "Física além do modelo padrão em teorias com dimensões extras"

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The goal of this dissertation is to study theories that use extra dimensions to solve the problems that appear in the Standard Model at energies of the order 1 TeV. Specifically, we worked with models with more than 4 dimensions, where the spatial dimensions are compactified in an S1/Z2 orbifold. The Standard Model agrees to a great degree with the experimental data we have today but there are several reasons to expect new physics at the TeV scale. We start presenting the most important aspects of the Standard Model. We then specify some of the problems that appear at high energies (higher than the weak scale) and that are the motivation to consider theories beyond the Standard Model. We focus on two such problems: the hierarchy problem and the origin of the fermion masses. We present three types of theories using extra dimensions to address the hierarchy problem. The first two, Large Extra Dimensions (LED) and Universal Extra Dimensions (UED) use a flat metric and only differ on the fields that are allowed to propagate in the extra dimensions. Warped Extra Dimensions (WED) use a curved metric to solve the hierarchy problem in a unique way. Within a WED setup, we study the resulting four-dimensional effective theory. This theories naturally explain the hierarchy of fermion masses. Within this effective theory, we study the phenomenology at the LHC as it relates to the origin of flavor. In particular, we propose a signal that can test this important aspect of the theory.

ASSUNTO(S)

standard model extra dimensons teorias além do modelo padrão dimensões extras modelo padrão

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