Pesquisa-ação com graduandos do curso de bacharelado e licenciatura em enfermagem na identificação de estresse, cansaço e desconforto físico à promoção de saúde física e mental no cotidiano acadêmico / Action research with graduate students of the Bachelor and Graduation in Nursing Course in the identification of stress, fatigue and physical discomfort to promote the physical and mental health in the academic routine

Sabrina Corral Mulato

Nowadays several nursing courses have been undergoing adaptations in order to adopt a critical-social curriculum, requiring students growing commitment to attend the education demands, researches and extensions. This excess of requirements and activities have been causing physical, mental and emotional wear and may lead in serious harms to the students\ health. Objective: Identify and problematize the necessities of the researched students concerning stress, fatigue and physical discomfort faced in the academic routine in view of its signs and symptoms; Elaborate a primer with educational proposal searching for reflection, awareness and instrumentalization to prevention and promotion of physical and mental health and the Burnout Syndrome. Methodology: We have developed a qualitative research mediated by the action research. We have investigated the students of the graduation course (Bachelor and Graduation in Nursing) enrolled in the 8th semester of a public nursing school in São Paulo state. The data collection was throughout participants\ observation (field diary) and questionnaire applied in the classroom. The instrument had 43 questions (17 about sociodemographic data and 26 about the theme) and it was delivered with the Free and Informed Consent (IC) after approval of the Ethics Committee in November 2009. Results: The majority of the participants is women between 20 and 30 years old, single, without children, catholic and live with their families. For them, professors, students and the course are positive. The students presented difficulties as: overload of activities causing lack of time for leisure and rest, leading most of the time to health harm caused by the sedentary, fatigue and poor diet. However, they revealed that the course promotes satisfaction which contributes to the personal and professional growth and that may operate changes, the recognition and practice application of knowledge in the trainee programs and the relationship with colleagues, professors and clients. Social support with leisure practices, physical activities, rest and healthy diet contribute for the promotion of health. They feel pain and physical discomfort mainly in the lumbar spine, cervical and some in shoulders, legs and feet related to the situation lived in the university. They don\ t know the Burnout Syndrome but fit at least 6 symptoms. Concerning the educational process, they have evaluated it positively according to the theme. Before the relaxing activities, they felt tired, worn, agitated and stressed. These symptoms have improved in the end of the workshops providing rest and welfare sensation. Final Considerations: This investigation showed significant data about the researched theme revealing evidence of signs and symptoms about the disease in sample of students of the nursing graduation, proposing alternative activities to relief the tensions resulting the academic routine besides the build of an educational primer about the subject in order to meet their personal necessities and posteriorly their professional needs. The experience was positive in order to accomplish a health promotional work with the students in view of awareness, self-knowledge and the possibility of finding alternatives to this problem.

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