Legitimação da insustentabilidade ? : análise do Sistema de Licenciamento Ambiental de Propriedades Rurais - SLAPR (Mato Grosso)

Andréa Aguiar Azevedo

Mato Grosso continues to be a must in the domestic and foreign media since it has been considered the Brazilian state with the largest deforested area in the last 15 years (1992-2007) due to the enlargement of the agribusiness field. This fact, among others, has generated a political discomfort in the state and it has generated a process of decentralization of part of the foresting policy in 1999, previously conducted by the federal government. In 2000, the Rural Proprieties Environmental Licensing System (SLAPR, in Portuguese) was created, and it brought out the use of remote sensor technology as well as a geographical information system in proprieties licensing. For some time, the results of such policy were analyzed along with its development process, the reasons and conflicts for its use in the state of Mato Grosso, which is also known for its high cattle raising production. The period of analysis was from 2000 to 2008. It was clear that, despite decentralization, there was not an organized process of participation with the local community in order to implement and/or modify such policy, becoming a centralized decentralization in the bureaucratic body of the state. As to the result of the policy reflected in the deforestation rates in the state, it was plain to see that there was no difference in the amount of deforestation inside and outside SLAPR during this time, except those legal cases that occurred in the system, outside the legal reserves. The top of such legal affair occurred in 2002, when 71% of the deforestation above 200 hectares in the state was authorized. These results, and the interviews with the people involved in the creation of the SLAPR, show that there was an economical plan behind the implementation of the system that, somehow, would legitimate the production of the state, by means of an effective environmental policy. The technology involved in the policy symbolized both state control and transparency to the globalized world, which demanded guarantees over the legal origin of the products from the state. However, from 2003 on, this economical project ceased, leaving ground to the grand increase in the deforestation rate in the state. Since then, the policy results have been defective in many aspects, since the legal condition in the deforestation rate authorized by SEMA reached 4% of the total carried out in the state in 2007. Such difficulty in understanding this economical project by the productive sector and the new state government staff, from 2003 on, caused a negative reaction in the SLAPR and exposed more accurately the conflicts over the conservation of private areas in the state. The main conflicts occurred over the existing environmental liabilities and the quantity of legal reserves in forest areas and, to try to solve it, the state government created, in 2008, a law the Legal Mato Grosso that divides SLAPR in two sections, postponing the official acceptance of the legal reserves liabilities. This new economical project (of adaptation) exceeds the previous one because it not only legitimates the production but also the occupation style of the state. The idea is to make official every state rural property the way they are now, even those that were illegally deforested after the year 2000. The environmental policy has become an adaptation policy to the interests of hegemonic groups, in an approach of rhetorical sustainable development, used as an ideology to justify and legitimate such form of production, and it is also used as a means to reach consensus over the environmental hegemony generated by agribusiness

Legitimação da insustentabilidade ? : análise do Sistema de Licenciamento Ambiental de Propriedades Rurais - SLAPR (Mato Grosso)

AUTOR(ES)

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

RESUMO

ASSUNTO(S)

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados