Karyotype evolution of Crotalaria (L.) species of the Hedriocarpae section, Macrostachyae subsection (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) / Evolução cromossômica de espécies de Crotalaria (L.) da seção Hedriocarpae, subseção Macrostachyae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Approximately 600 species of the Genus Crotalaria have been described, the majority is located in tropical and subtropical regions. These species are classified into eight botanical sections and nine subsections according to floral characteristics. The botanical sections can be divided into two major groups: one with species presenting flower specialization and the other without flower specialization. Previous cytogenetic studies showed that chromosomal features are conserved within the same botanical section or subsection, and it has been suggested that species with flower specialization have a different chromosomal organization from those species without flower specialization. In this context, the karyotypes and genome organization of five species (being three synonymy from the Hedriocarpae section, Macrostachyae subsection) were described by conventional chromosome staining using Feulgen, specific fluorochrome staining to GC or AT chromosomal rich regions and physical mapping by fluorescent in situ molecular hybridization of 45S and 5S ribosomal genes. The mapping of specific chromosome markers and construction of cytogenetic maps of this section have allowed us to identify a pericentric inversion, transposition events and a differentiation in the nature of DNA sequences of the pericentromeric heterochromatin, previously described as GC-rich in species with flower specialization. The results reveal diverse cytogenetic events that occurred during the genus diversification: the Macrostachyae subsection showed a pericentric inversion in the chromosome pair 1 (presumably of ancient origin) while species without flower specialization are characterized by a distinct chromosomal organization, mainly concerning the nature of DNA sequences of pericentromeric heterochromatin.

ASSUNTO(S)

crotalária rdna 45s chromosomal banding rdna 5s cariótipos vegetais karyotype evolution. crotalaria cromossomos vegetais marcador molecular.

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