Isolamento de Erysipelothrix sp. de tonsilas de suínos em frigoríficos / Isolation of Erysipelothrix sp. from tonsils of slaugther pigs

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

Swine erysipelas, caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, is responsible for enormous economic losses related to abortions and mainly to the chronic form of the disease, due to the costs of treatment, reduced growth rate and carcasss quality. Although Erysipelothrix sp. is not a demanding organism, there are difficulties associated to its laboratorial identification. Lack of information about epidemiology of swine erysipelas in Brazil and the economical and sanitary importance of this disease reveal the necessity of isolation studies and characterization of the Erysipelothrix sp. isolates. The objectives of the present study were to verify the existence of health carriers pigs of E. rhusiopathiae in swine producing regions; to verify isolation rate of Erysipelothrix sp. strains from the tonsils of apparently normal swine by the methods crystal violet selective modified media (CV) and tryptose phosphate enrichment media (TP); to investigate the distribution of carriers pigs according to productive category (finishing pig and sow), animal localization (state of federation), isolation method (CV and TP), cellular morphology (smooth, smooth-intermediate, intermediate, intermediate-rough and rough forms) and Erysipelotrhix species (E. rhusiopathiae and E. tonsillarum). Tonsils from 398 finishing pigs, male and female, and 112 sows, obtained from 46 farms in 28 cities of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Goiás (GO), Paraná (PR), São Paulo (SP) and Minas Gerais (MG), were collected from slaughterhouses and were examined in the Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa MG. Obtained data were expressed in frequency and analized by Qui-square test, using Epi Info version 6.04b (WHO, 1997) and Bio Estat 2.0 (AYRES et al., 2002) programs, adopting significance level of 5%, with p value 0,05 considered significant. Of 510 apparently health slaughter pigs, 99 (19,41%) were detected as carriers of Erysipelothrix sp. The percentage of isolation by CV technique was 18,24% (93/510), while TP technique was 5,69% (29/510). There was no difference of tonsillar carriers of Erysipelothrix sp. according to the animal productive category (p >0,05), suggesting that finishing pigs and sows may be potential source for infection to other animals in swine herds. The percentage of tonsillar carriers was 25,93% in GO, 23,08% in PR, 20,51% in MG, 14,67% in SP and 12,71% in MS, indicating that the presence of the organism is not a local phenomenon. It was observed mainly carriers pigs of only E. rhusiopathiae strains (75,76%), and it was demonstrated that slaughter pigs may be carriers of E. rhusiopathiae and E. tonsillarum simultaneously. In this study, the smooth form (53,4%) was predominant in samples of E. rhusiopathiae, followed by smooth-intermediate form (27,18%). Intermediate and intermediate-rough forms were observed with a low frequency (9,71%), while rough form was not identified in this report.

ASSUNTO(S)

epidemiologia erysipelothrix medicina veterinaria preventiva suíno epydemiology erysipelothrix pig

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