Investimentos financeiros em projetos de celulas a combustivel e hidrogenio no Brasil / Financial investments in fuel cells and hydrogen projects in Brazil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

In the last decade many countries, especially the most developed, have made substantial investments in technologies related to hydrogen and fuel cells, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to increase energy security. In Brazil, the Federal Government through the Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT) has also made many investments in those areas, although there is no efficient mechanism to account those resources to enable strategic decisions in the sector. Therefore, this study aims to identify, classify and account the investments made by the public sector in Brazil in hydrogen and fuel cells from 1999 to 2007. Two methodologies were used to obtain the data for this study: Top-Down and Bottom-Up. The Top-Down methodology was used to obtain the information from the sponsoring agencies, institutions and funds that promote science and technology in Brazil, such as CNPq, FINEP, P&D ANEEL and Foundations for Research Support. The second methodology consisted in obtaining data directly from the research groups granted by those agencies. Questionnaires were sent to 68 research groups, but only 54% were answered. The results indicate that the research in Brazil is focused on hydrogen production from ethanol reforming and the development of PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) and SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell). Finally, the comparison performed among the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) indicated that Brazil invested 157 million reais or 70 million dollars, that corresponds to 55% of the amount invested by Russia or China alone. The comparison between the BRIC and the developed countries, showed that the BRIC s total investment from 2001 to 2007 has the same order of magnitude as the annual investments made by the United States, Japan or European Union alone. The results show that to improve its market share in equipment and services related to the hydrogen economy, Brazil will need to increase the efforts in research, development and innovation in the area. To achieve this, resources that are already available could be used more efficiently. As an example, the use of 57 million dollars or 31% of the contingency reserves of the CT-ENERG fund from 2001 to 2007 would be enough to equal the Brazilian investments with those made by Russia or China in the Hydrogen Economy

ASSUNTO(S)

investments fuel cells hydrogen hidrogenio investimentos celulas a combustivel

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