Influência do alinhamento de nanotubos de carbono nas propriedades elétricas de nanocompósitos de matriz epoxídica / Influence of the alignment of carbon nanotubes in the electrical properties of epoxy matrix nanocomposites

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

24/02/2012

RESUMO

Epoxy resin / carbon nanotubes (CN) composites are widely used due to the versatile matrix phase and the excellent properties of the reinforcing phase. However, the development of polymer nanocomposites still faces three important challenges: interfacial interaction, dispersion and orientation of the reinforcing phase. This work studied the orientation process of NC by electric field of 100 V/cm, and how this phenomenon changes the properties of these materials. The in situ polymerization method was used to fabricate nanocomposites with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and epoxy resin. We made three sets of nanocomposites, each set contained five concentrations of CN: 0.00, 0.04, 0.08, 0.20 and 0.30 (v/v). In the manufacture of the first set, the samples were not subjected to an electric field during curing, while the second set of samples was prepared under an electric field of 100 V/cm at a frequency of 1 kHz during curing. The third set was prepared under an electric field of 100 V/cm at 60 Hz during curing. Viscosimetry techniques, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and impedance spectroscopy were used to characterize the dispersion and orientation of carbon nanotubes. The viscosimetry shows that the nanocomposites exhibit a shear thinning behavior for all concentrations studied. However, the viscosity of the material increased considerably with CN concentration, ca. 50% for 0.30% (v/v) NC, difficulting the processing of samples. Optical and electronic microscopies showed that the manufacturing method used to disperse the CN did not provide a homogeneous dispersion. Using the impedance spectroscopy technique it was possible to characterize the orientation of the CN, since the electrical conductivity of all samples submitted to the electric field during curing showed an increase of 2.8 orders of magnitude compared to the set that was not subjected to the electric field. The orientation of the CN decreased the percolation threshold of the samples. Nanocomposite samples not subjected to the electric field during curing (ER) showed a percolation threshold of (0.06 0.02) (v/v), while the set of samples subjected to the electric field (EA) had a percolation threshold (0,010 0,005) (v/v). In these systems the direction of CN showed no dependence on the frequency of the applied electric field during curing, as the electrical conductivity of the samples prepared under the electric field oscillating at 1 kHz and that of the samples prepared at 60 Hz showed similar values.

ASSUNTO(S)

resina epóxi condutividade elétrica campo elétrico nanotubo de carbono polimeros carbon nanotubes epoxy resin electrical conductivity electric field.

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