Hydrological regionalization of flows and loads of total suspend solids for the program Producers of Water and the payment of environmental services. Case study of river basin Benevente, ES / Regionalização hidrológica de vazões e de cargas difusas de sólidos suspensos totais para o programa ProdutorES de Água e o pagamento de serviços ambientais. Estudo de caso: bacia hidrográfica do rio Benevente, ES

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Systems of payment for environmental services of a catchment area can be economically attractive and ecologically important. Programs such as Producers of Water economically compensate owners upstream of the basin using the proper management of land use, and reforestation to prevent erosion, increased pollution loads diffuse and increase the availability and quality of water. Consequently water users downstream of the basin, are benefited, for example, sewage water treatment. This paper aims, methodologies from payments for environmental services, regionalization of hydrologically the quantity and quality of water from the river Benevente to aid the program producer of water from its watershed. The study was conducted in the middle and upper catchment of the Benevente, located south of Espírito Santo, with drainage area of approximately 1260 KM POT.2. The drainage area of the study is 825.24 KM POT.2. Part of the survey methodology consisted of qualitative and quantitative data of water along the river Benevente in recent years. With these data we calculated the diffuse specific loads of TSS, in terms of Kg/ha.year. The specific load average TSS for the basin was 194 Kg/ha.year, the total load average SST was 11,238 Ton/year. The methodology of regionalization of hydrological loads of TSS through curves of duration showed that there remain a wide range of loads in the basin produced on different hydrological conditions. For example, for a range of stays of 40% to 60% of the variation of specific regional production of TSS was 58.54 to 825.14 Kg/ha.year . Using the methodology of the curves remain qualitative and quantitative for the proposition environmental scenarios in view of land use change and land use, proposed by the PSA program, estimated the rate of reduction on Sedimentation (PAS) and consequently the rate Abatement of Erosion (PAE) in the basin. Found a PAE of 36.9% from the current scenario and the scenario with budget of 20% of the forest area of the basin. With this estimated result a total collected in the basin by the PSA for R$ 825,195/year. With the proposed methodology was also calculated the soil loss on the basin in relation to the sampling station further downstream. The rate was estimated at 200,123 ton/year.

ASSUNTO(S)

pagamento por serviços ambientais payment for environmental services regionalização hidrológica de vazões e cargas poluidoras de sst rio benevente erosão hídrica e perda de solo regionalization of hydrological flows and pollutant loads curves remain qualitative and quantitative programa produtores de água pollutant loads diffuse program water producers curvas de permanência quali-quantitativas rio benevente environmental scenarios water erosion and soil loss cargas poluidoras difusas cenários ambientais

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