Herança e relações genéticas entre densidade da semente, teores de proteína e óleo e produtividade em soja / Inheritance and genetic relationships among seed density, protein and oil contents and yield in soybean

AUTOR(ES)

Luís Antônio Stabile Silva

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The high socioeconomic importance of soybean is mainly attributed to its much favorable combination of high protein and oil contents, together with appropriate levels of seed yield. However, there is a high negative correlation between protein and oil contents, fact that difficult the simultaneous breeding of these traits. Besides, also there is tendency of negative and moderate correlation between protein content and seed yield. There are evidences that the selection for seed density can promote indirect responses in protein content and seed yield, simultaneously. The main objectives of this work were: a) to estimate genetic parameters related to inheritance of seed density; b) to evaluate the efficiency of selection for seed density in breeding protein content and seed yield. In the inheritance study, four different crosses were used: USP98-06.011.10 x Abura, M-SOY 8001 x Abura, USP98-06.027.03 x Biloxi e USP98-06.009.01 x PI 239.235. The parents and F2 plants were evaluated during the 2006/07 season. For evaluating the correlated responses to selection for seed density three different experiments were designed: the Initial Experiment, in which were evaluated 520 F7:6 progenies, during the 2005/06 season; the Seed Density Experiment, in that were evaluated 100 F8:6 progenies selected for seed density; and the Food Soybean Experiment, in that were evaluated 100 F8:6 progenies selected for food type soybean. The last two experiments were accomplished during the 2006/07 season, and the progenies were selected among the 520 F7:6 progenies of the Initial Experiment. The results allowed the following conclusions: a) there is genetic variability for seed density; b) the broad sense heritability for seed density is low in F2 and high in advanced generations; c) the genetic inheritance is additive, because this, there is no heterosis for seed density; d) there is moderate and positive correlation of seed density with seed yield and protein content, but the correlation between seed density and oil content is negative; e) is possible to identify food type genotypes with high means of seed yield and protein content; f) the selection to increase seed density is efficient in breeding protein content and seed yield simultaneously, obtaining genotypes with high protein yield; g) the selection to reduce seed density promote no significant increases of oil content.

ASSUNTO(S)

hereditariedade genetic correlation correlação genética e ambiental - proteínas de plantas heritability variação genética em plantas. glycine max grãos soja food type soybean correlated response soybean breeding heterosis melhoramento genético vegetal

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