Gerência do cuidado à pessoa com AIDS: enfoque na dor associada. / Management of care for people with AIDS: focus on associated pain.

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

09/12/2010

RESUMO

The objective was to examine the management of care for people with AIDS in hospital, focusing on pain associated. Exploratory and descriptive study based on quantitative and qualitative approaches, developed in a referral hospital in Fortaleza for the treatment of infectious diseases, between May and September of 2010. The sample comprised 83 individuals: 20 health professionals and 63 hospitalized AIDS patients. We used the triangulation of methods with application of three techniques of data collection: interview, semi-structured form and checklist for analysis of patient records. Quantitative data were presented in tables (frequencies relative/absolute) and sought a relationship between variables with the likelihood ratio tests, Student t and chi-square. We used content analysis of Bardin to analyze the interviews with professionals. The project was approved by the Ethics in Research Committee (protocol 063/2009). By Analysis of Bardin, were created two thematic categories, five categories and 14 subcategories about pain associated with AIDS (characterization, clinical evaluation and clinical care) and management structure for the care of person with AIDS (favorable and unfavorable). We found mainly reports on clinical care prioriting pharmacological treatment, besides the absence of specific treatment for pain in the institucion, lack of experienced professionals in pain management, many pacients to care and failures in reference and counter- reference. In quantitative analysis, we found a high prevalence of pain in hospitalized patients (95.3%), coinciding with the opinion of most professionals (17) and of patients records (90.5%). The pain was intermittent in nature considered in most of the sample (41.7%), located mainly in the head (56.7%), abdomen (53.3%), legs (45%), among other places such as chest and lumbar spine. The main reasons for hospitalization were opportunistic infections (74.6%) and chronic diarrhea (22.2%); 58.7% were on antiretroviral treatment; regarding analgesia, 73.3% reported use of analgesics at home, including simple analgesics (55.6%), anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs (NSAIDs) (25%) and others (15.9%). The majority (70%) reported not using other methods to relieve pain, while 30% reported teas, analgesics ointments, application of cold and warm at local pain, and massages. About analgesia received, most were satisfied (55.5%) and only 3.2% were dissatisfied. Analysis of the checklist allowed to confirm data on the characteristics of pain / analgesia recorded in their files, being found notes from doctors and nurses in most medical records (90.5%), specifying, primarily, location (100%), improvement and worsening factors (61.4%) and intensity (43.8%). The majority (95.2%) did not contain data about results of analgesia or prescription of non-pharmacological methods for pain relief. We conclude that the study provides relevant data on pain in aids patients; was found a high prevalence and characteristics that coincide with other studies on this subject. The service showed unfavorable structural conditions to the appropriate management of pain at these patients, demonstrating the need to rethink the model of care management interventions to promote greater efficacy of analgesia. It is necessary to improve interdisciplinary approach to pain, awareness professionals and improve records regarding the use of more accurate methods for pain evaluation and treatment.

ASSUNTO(S)

enfermagem síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida hiv dor administração dos cuidados ao paciente enfermagem nursing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome hiv pain patient care management

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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