Floristica das fisionomias vegetacionais e estrutura da floresta alto-montana de Monte Verde, Serra da Mantiqueira, MG

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

The Atlantic Forest biome in the broad sense consists of a group of forest and grassland formations with different physiognomies, structures and floristic compositions. The Southeast of Brazil is one of the centres of diversity of this biome. In spite of numerous studies in the Atlantic Forest, there are still several poorly known physiognomies, such as the upper montane forests and grasslands of the Serra da Mantiqueira and the Serra do Mar. The present study was carried out in the Monte Verde district, in the Serra da Mantiqueira, in the State of Minas Gerais, where different formations such as upper montane forest, Araucaria forest, high altitude grassland and rocky outcrops can be found. A general floristic study of these physiognomies was made, together with a phytosociological study of the upper montane forest. A total of 444 species was collected, distributed among 97 families and 246 genera. The richest families were Asteraceae (64 species), Melastomataceae (24 species), Cyperaceae (23 species), Myrtaceae (23 species), Orchidaceae (23 species) and Solanaceae (21 species). In the phytosociological study 1191 individual trees were sampled, and included 64 woody species and two bamboos, belonging to 42 genera and 26 families of plants. Dead biomass was very prominent, showing the highest importance value (42.06) followed by Pimenta pseudocaryophy/lus (24.59), Roupala rhombifolia (19.98) and Drimys brasiliensis (18.57). We observed quite a strong substitution of species along the very short (about 120 m) altitudinal gradient that was studied. A number of new occurrence records were made, with some species showing a disjunct distribution with the south of Brazil and with other high areas in the southeast of Brazil. The majority of the species collected are typical of high mountain environments and have very restricted distributions. The abundance of relatively rare species with limited distributions, forming a floristic link with the south of Brazil and representing floristic elements quite distinct from the surrounding lower-level forests adds greatly to the total floristic richness of the Atlantic Forest and make these vegetation types strong candidates for rapid and energetic conservation measures

ASSUNTO(S)

vegetação altitude - influencia

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