FILOGEOGRAFIA DO GÊNERO NEOTROPICAL Fluviphylax (CYPRINODONTIFORMES: POECILIIDAE) DAS BACIAS DO AMAZONAS E DO ORINOCO

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

A systematic and taxonomic study of the genus Fluviphylax was conducted using molecular methods, the COI gene and the control region of the mitochondrial DNA, and morphological methods. Additionally, a phylogeographic and population genetic study of Fluviphylax species was performed using the COI and control region sequence data in order to understand ecological processes and historical events that have acted on these species. The specimens analyzed in this study are distributed in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and in the drainages of the state of Amapá and on the Marajó Island. This study resulted in the identification of a new species of Fluviphylax located in the upper Negro River and the Orinoco basin of Venezuela, and a phylogenetic hypothesis based on molecular characters was proposed for the species of the genus Fluviphylax. The molecular phylogenetic hypothesis corroborated the previously proposed phylogeny base on morphological characters; however, the relationships between species of the clade formed by Fluviphylax sp., F. zonatus, F. pygmaeus and F. simplex were unresolved. Populational studies indicated strong structuring among the analyzed localities with the exception of populations of F. palikur and F. simplex located, respectivement, in Atlantic drainage (Amapá state) and Marajó island, and along the main Solimões and Amazonas River channels. Amazon river separates Marajó island from Amapá state and serves as a physical barrier to F. palikur dispersion. Despite this fact, populations of this species showed no populational structure and there has been sharing of haplotypes among those areas. The F. simplex populations, distribuited in Solimões/Amazoans channel, are behaving as one large panmictic population probably as a result of the annual innundations of the várzea system which facilitates connectivity among populations of the aquatic species inhabiting this region.

ASSUNTO(S)

região controle gene coi fluviphylax sistemática dna mitocondrial genetica filogeografia filogenia

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