Fertirrigation of coffee crop with domestic sewage Risks of salinization and soil contamination / Fertirrigação do cafeeiro com esgoto doméstico Riscos de salinização e contaminação do solo

AUTOR(ES)

Daniel Coelho Ferreira

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Due to the great availability, the use of domestic sewage in irrigated agriculture is an effective control of pollution, increase of water availability, showing economic, social, environmental and public health benefits. Nevertheless, the use of sewage must be well planned and managed to avoid problems of microbial contamination as well as negative changes on physical and chemical soil properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of using domestic sewage on a soil cultivated with coffee plants and to monitor the sodium concentrations regarding to the irrigation depths applied and also, quantify the nutrients provided to the soil. At the T1 treatment the soil received irrigation with clean water and complete conventional fertilization and on the other treatments the soil received sewage irrigation depths of 180, 350, 480 and 638 mm, respectively. After these values have been reached, the treatments T2, T3 and T4 were irrigated with clean water until the end of the experiment, which endured four months. The domestic sewage was daily collected and at the end of a month this composed sample was analyzed. The soil samples were collected at three layers, 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm, monthly, during four months. The nutrients were analyzed on a soil routine analysis, besides exchangeable Na+ and saturation index values. Heavy metals and micronutrients were analyzed on soil samples at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The results have shown that the domestic sewage is efficient to improve soil fertility, providing nutrients such as Ca2+, Mg2+, P, K and N, which are essential to plants. The application of urban sewage was responsible not only to increase exchangeable Na+ on soil, but also SAR values, which have reached, for the treatments T4 and T5, rates that can be harmful to soil properties. Exchangeable Na+ rose with the time, proportionally to the applied irrigation depths and, has decreased at the final of the experiment, due to leaching.

ASSUNTO(S)

domestic sewage fertirrigation salinization esgoto doméstico irrigacao e drenagem sodium sódio salinidade fertirrigação

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