EvoluÃÃo das capturas, idade, crescimento e recrutamento de espÃcies de Lutjanidae do nordeste do Brasil / Catcha evolution, growth and recruitment of lutjanidae species ocurring on northeast coast off Brazil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Lutjanid species are widely distributed on tropical and subtropical seas, occurring on hard bottom environments. Constituted by one hundred and three species, the family Lutjanidae is distributed in four subfamilies (Apsilinae, Etelininae, Lutjaninae and Paradicichtinae) by four genera (Etelis, Lutjanus, Ocyurus and Rhomboplites) where eleven species of these genera occur in Brazilian waters. The Southwestern Atlantic coast is recognized for presenting high levels of endemism, including Lutjanidae species, presenting consistent relations with Northwestern Atlantic ictiofauna in terms of shared and sister species. Lutjanidae species espent most of their reproductive life explored by the fishery. On the Brazilian continental shelf, between the north and central coast, eleven Lutjanidae species have historical importance for artisanal fishery of demersal species. For the studied region, throughout four decades the lutjanid catches at the north and northeast coast promoted modifications on the size structure of Lutjanus purpureus stocks, and with the decline of this fishery the catches extended for other representatives of the Lutjanidae genera (Lutjanus, Ocyurus, Rhomboplites and Etelis) due to the fleet fragmentation, scattering the catches between the fisheries colonies existing throughout the coast. Currently the catches of the five more important snapper species are technically at the limit of the maximum exploitation and two new snapper categories start to be part of the cast of Lutjanidae species catch by the demersal line fishery. Among the interviewed fishermen there is the sense that the replacement of the snappers stocks can not be reached due to the high fishery effort applied and to the predatory fishing gears. The Brazilian snappers reach 20 to 30 years, growing fast at the first three years, stabilizing the growth rates at low levels over the major portion of the age structure (K<0,3). As previously stated it was confirmed the snappers present depth body size relationships and in this study three snappers species that showed depth age relationships (Lutjanus jocu, Rhomboplites aurorubens e Etelis oculatus) with fishery effort over all age structure due to the multi gear characteristic of the artisanal fishery. Keeping the connection between early life history and adult phase is the warranty of the population replacement for sustainable fishery activity. In face of the snappers biological characteristics, with life history uncoupled of the adult portion of the population by a pelagic and settlement stages, ensure the connectivity between essential habitats have been recommended to prevent overfishing situations as indicated by ecosystem based fishery management approaches

ASSUNTO(S)

capturas lutjanidae recrutamento oceanografia longevidade idade catches lutjanidae age longevity recruitment oceanografia crescimento growth

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