Doenças osteomusculares e articulares em idosos atendidos em um centro de reabilitação de um hospital universitário: descrição da prevalência e do perfil demográfico e de saúde

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

20/03/2012

RESUMO

Population aging has been leading to the increase in chronic degenerative disorders, among them musculoskeletal and joint diseases (MJD), of which low back pain is among the most prevalent and symptomatic in the elderly. The MJDs result in functional disabilities that negatively impact on the independence and quality of life of the elderly. Hence, profile determination of MJD is important for the management and planning of health actions. Thus, this dissertation presents two studies: one aims on (1) characterizing the elderly with MJD of the rehabilitation center (RC) at Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), in refference to demographic and health profile, type of physical therapy treatment, service funding, and outcome, and also among these, the aim to (2) characterize those with low back pain. This cross-sectional study used retrospective data from medical records of 1203 elderly (age, sex, residence, type of treatment funding, clinical diagnosis), all treated from July 2004 to March 2010. Of the 890 medical records of elderly patients with MJD, data concerning medication, comorbidities, signs and symptons, physical therapy treatment, number of sessions and outcome were collected. These data were analyzed using the SPSS software where a level (α) of 5% was adopted as a decision criteria. For the total of elderly subjects the average age was 70,1 (+- 7,9) years and among them predominated women (66.7%) who resided near the RC (45%), and distant (55%), including surrounding towns, whose treatment was funded by health care plans (54,4%). There was significant prevalence of MJD (74%, p <0.0001) compared to other groups of diseases (respiratory, genitourinary, nervous, amputations and others), which showed significant association with the female sex, while the male sex was associated with diseases of the respiratory and circulatory systems. The most frequent MJDs were arthropathies (25.6%) and back problems (34.6%) and, among the latter, the most common were low back pain (14.4%). Hypertension was the most frequently reported comorbidity (50.3%) and antihypertensive drugs the most frequently used (34.7%). Pain was the most frequent symptom (97.7%), followed by limitation of range of motion (48.2%). The most widely used physical therapy treatments were kinesiotherapy (72.9%) associated with electrotherapy (60,2%). The most frequent treatment response was relief of pain (98,2% of valid cases n=227). As for outcome, 106 patients (45,9% of valid cases n = 231) had release from treatment. Regarding the elderly referred for low back pain (69.98 8.4 years), 53% had only low back pain, 21% lumbar sciatic pain and 26% low back pain associated with other diseases. Also among them the majority were women (69.8%), complaining of pain (99.2%), whose physical therapy treatment consisted of kinesiotherapy and electrotherapy (87%). The results of this dissertation indicated that the MJDs and nonspecific low back pain were quite prevalent, specially in women with hypertension, making use of antihypertensive drugs, treated with kinesiotherapy and electrotherapy for pain and motion range limitation. Considering Physical Therapy as being of fundamental importance to the functional recovery of the elderly, and, therefore, their independence, rethinking the current care model emerges are imperative in the face of pressing demographic changes.

ASSUNTO(S)

medicina geriatria gerontologia envelhecimento idosos fisioterapia sistema musculosquelÉtico articulaÇÕes - doenÇas medicina

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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