DIETA DO GAVIÃO-REAL Harpia harpyja (Aves: Accipitridae) EM FLORESTAS DE TERRA FIRME DE PARINTINS, AMAZONAS, BRASIL

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

This study analyzed the diet of the Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja), including the influences of seasonality and land cover (forest vs. deforested) in a 3 km buffer around nests, and the frequency of occurrence and biomass of prey delivered to nestlings and fledglings. The nests were located in areas of lowland forest in settlements of Villa Amazônia (INCRA). Skulls, jaws and bones of prey consumed by Harpy Eagles were collected on the ground beneath the nest trees and from the nests at five sites between 2003 and 2005. Prey species were identified by comparison to reference collections in the Paraense Museum (MPEG) and the National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA). Biomass of prey were estimated using regression equations. Harpia harpyja consumed: Bradypus variegatus (39 %), Choloepus didactylus (40 %), Callicebus hoffmannsi (4 %), Cebus apella (1 %), Chiropotes albinasus (1 %), Pithecia irrorata (0.4 %), Coendou koopmani (2.4 %), Didelphis marsupialis (0.8 %), Potos flavus (0.8 %) e Ara chloroptera (Aves) (0.4 %). About 99 % of prey were arboreal, the rest arboreal/terrestrial, also most were of habits solitary (84 %) and folivore (81 %). Sloths contributed with 86 % of the total biomass estimated. The monthly biomass consumed was on average 6.5 kg, 3.6 kg, 3.5 kg, 3.2 kg e 3.2 kg, but when material collected from nests was considered, the monthly biomass increased to 7.9 kg, 5.4 kg, 4.3 kg, 5.6 kg e 3.2 kg respectively, for the nests of Nova Esperança, Quebra-Curuá, Murituba, Laguinho and Alternativo do Ney. The number of individuals of sloths eaten was greater in the dry season. Harpy eagle revealed to be a specialist Levins trophic level index for Parintins region, that is 0.105 for individuals and 0.069 for biomassa. Forest cover in the 3-km zone around four of the nests averaged just over 50% and 92% around the fifth. The amount of forest was reduced only about 1% during the course of the study, and there was no relationship between the amount of available forest in the 3-km zone around the nest and what was consumed by this eagle species in the different nests.

ASSUNTO(S)

aves de rapina dieta ecologia biomassa. mamíferos

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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