Determination of polyunsaturated fatty acid in infant formulas: comparison of quantization methods by gas chromatography / Determinação de ácidos graxos polinsaturados em fórmulas infantis: comparação de metodologias na análise por cromatografia em fase gasosa

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are involved in several physiological and metabolic process of human organism. The quantification of polyunsaturated fatty acid, must involve the fat extraction in mild conditions, due the reactive sites in the molecule. This work had as objective the comparison of the analytical methods for determination of polyunsaturated fatty acid (linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) and lipids in infant formula, quantification of polyunsaturated fatty acids in commercial infant formulas and polyunsaturated fatty acids stability evaluation in these foods. A 15 samples of infant formulas were analyzed, these one from NIST and 14 commercial infant formulas. The analytical methods to lipids extraction were: Bligh and Dyer, Roese Gottlieb, acid hydrolyze AOAC 963.15, acid hydrolyze AOAC 996.06 and direct method adapted from Golay et al. (2006). To prepared esters metilics fatty acids utilized the methods: IUPAC, Hartman and Lago and direct method. The quantization of polyunsaturated fatty acid was realized with different standards internal, like fatty acid methyl ester 13:0, 21:0 and 23:0, and flame ionization detector response factors of correction in relation fatty acids 16:0, 18:0 and 23:0. The stability study during 8 months and analysis were analyzed in the months March, April, July and October. The best results, for lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acid, were obtained by the official method, Roese Gottlieb and metilation followed Hartman and Lago. In accordance with the present study the internal standard 23:0, and the theoretical correction factors with relation 23:0 showed satisfactory trueness and precision for calculation of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Among of commercial infant formula analyzed, 85.7% had at least one analyte in disagreement with the nutritional label facts and 100% with respect to Brazilian Legislation and the Codex Alimentarius. Regarding polyunsaturated fatty acids stability, three infant formulas showed no statistically significant difference (p >0.05) in levels of these fatty acids during the period of analysis (8 months).

ASSUNTO(S)

informação nutricional polyunsaturated fatty acid metodologia analítica infant formula fórmula infantil analytical methodology Ácidos graxos polinsaturados cromatografia gasosa nutritional labeling gas chromatography nutrição infantil alimentos

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