Desenvolvimento de métodos alternativos para a determinação dos íons metálicos sódio, potássio, cálcio e magnésio em amostras de biodiesel / Development of alternative methods for the determination of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium ions in samples of biodiesel

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

29/11/2011

RESUMO

In this work reports two alternative methods for the quantitation of metallic ions (Na, K, Mg e Ca) in biodiesel samples. The proposed methods were applied to biodiesel that were synthesized from different vegetable oils and also animal fat. The proposed method uses water extraction, heating and ultrasound. The quantitation of the ions was performed using ion chromatography (Na, K, Mg e Ca) and flame photometry (Na, K).The best chromatographic separation of the cations (Na, K, Ca e Mg) was observed when a solution containing dipicolinic acid (1.7 mmol L) plus nitric acid was used (2.5 mmol L). For the method with ion chromatography, the limits of detection (LOD) and of quantitation (LOQ) were respectively: 0.28 and 0.83 mg kg (Na); 0.38 and 1.13 mg kg (K); 0.41 and 1.22 mg kg (Ca); 0.29 and 0.86 mg kg (Mg). The relative standard deviations of the obtained values were smaller than 18.6 %. The accuracy was determined through recovery procedures, with presented results between 88.45 and 109.8 %, and also by comparison with the data obtained from ICP-OES. The Student.s t-test and the F-test showed that both methods presented equivalent results in with respect to accuracy and precision. In the case of flame photometry the LD and LQ values were respectively: 0.6 and 1.8 mg kg (Na); 0.4 and 1.4 mg kg (K). The observed recoveries were 92.1 % for Na and 103.6 % for K. In the comparison between the set containing the results obtained for Na and K with flame photometry with that came from ion chromatography, it was not observed significant difference at the 95% confidence level, both with respect to accuracy as well to precision. The simplicity, accuracy, precision and relative low cost of the proposed methods suggest that they are interesting alternatives for the quantitation of metallic ions (Na, K, Mg and Ca) in biodiesel samples.

ASSUNTO(S)

biodiesel elementos metálicos cromatografia de íons fotometria de chama biodiesel metallic elements ion chromatography flame photometry

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