Control of behavior by stimulus relations in Cebus apella. / Controle do comportamento por relações entre estímulos em Cebus apella.

AUTOR(ES)

Romariz da Silva Barros

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1998

RESUMO

Stimulus equivalence, a largely demonstrated behavioral phenomenon in humans has been hardly found in non-humans likely due to procedural difficulties. Unprogrammed control by stimulus position has been pointed as interfering with matching-to-sample performances, which leads to negative results in tests of equivalence defining properties (reflexivity, symmetry and transitivity). Two lines of research were pursued that investigate: 1) Location as stimulus in conditional discriminations and tests of emergent properties and 2) Training and tests of conditional relations with no relation between location and function of stimuli. Four experiments with 1 female and 2 male Cebus apella were conducted. In Experiment I subjects were submitted to training of conditional discriminations and tests of emergent properties with location as stimulus, with positive results when the tested relations were similar to those trained. In Experiment II, training of simultaneous simple discriminations with three sets of visual stimuli (colors and arbitrary forms) showed differences in discriminability of the stimuli. In Experiment III, with two of the easily discriminated stimulus sets and three new stimulus sets, subjects received training of identity matching-to-sample and reflexivity tests, with positive results when the stimuli had been presented before in simultaneous simple discriminations, that possibly functioned as delayed identity matching-to-sample. In Experiment IV, subjects were submitted to arbitrary matching-to-sample training, and to symmetry tests with negative results. Correct choices in all trials were reinforced. All matching-to-sample trials were zero-delay. Interpretation of data relay on the assumption that equivalence relations are environmental relations. The prerequisite for defining properties emergence may be the acquisition of control by these defining properties as environmental relations, which demand extended training.

ASSUNTO(S)

matching to sample monkeys estimulação behavioral assessment stimulation análise do comportamento macacos

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