Comportamento eletromiografico dos musculos esternocleidomastoideos e paraespinhais cervicais em pacientes laringectomizados totais / Electromyographic behavior of the sternocleidomastoid and cervical paraspinal muscles in patients with total laryngectomy

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The most common head and neck cancer types are the skin, mouth and larynx cancers, occurring mainly in males, older than fifty years old. The head and neck cancer treatment, employing surgery, chemical therapy, and radiotherapy, presents sequels that affect basic functions as breathing, deglutition, phonation and the mobility of the cervical segment of vertebral column and shoulder. Taking into consideration the changes suffered by the phonatory apparatus and cervical movement, the present study accomplished in form of chapters it had as objectives: to evaluate the behavior of sternocleidomastoid and cervical paraspinal muscles in patients with head and neck cancer submitted to different surgery resections of the tumor; evaluate the efficiency of a physical therapic rehabilitation of cervical muscles protocol and evaluate these muscles behavior in esophageal speech and with the use of electronic larynx during phonation. In this study, twenty two volunteers have participated, in an average age of fifty nine, divided in groups, according to the different objectives of the study: evaluation of the cervical muscles behavior in patients submitted to different surgery interventions: group 1 (total laryngectomy), group 2 (surgery resection), group 3 (control); evaluation of a physical therapic rehabilitation protocol: five volunteers with neck movement limitations, pain and anteriorization of the head. A protocol was applied, twice a day, composed of cervical muscle stretching and relaxing; evaluation of cervical muscles activities in phonation: group 1: (artificial larynx); group 2: (esophageal speech), group 3 (control). For this purpose it has been employed goniometry and the electromyography in repose, in phonation and cervical movements of flexion, extension, left and right laterality, left and right inclination. Results: There was alteration in the muscular activation pattern in the right laterality movements, of left sternocleidomastoid muscle and right inclination of right sternocleidomastoid muscle, regardless the surgery procedure type, with the increase in RMS (Root Mean Square) values related to the control group. After applying the treatment protocol, there was a width increase in all cervical movements changing muscular activation pattern in repose for left paraspinal muscles decreasing values of RMS and in the right laterality movement for left sternocleidomastoid muscle, increasing the RMS values. The phonation, has not changed the muscular activation pattern of individuals that use esophageal speech and the artificial larynx, related to the control group, however, during repose there was a significant difference comparing the groups values to control group, for right sternocleidomastoid muscle and right paraspinal muscles. In conclusion: There is a change in muscular activation pattern where the largest tumor and surgery assault offers a bigger resistance to the movement performance, could promote increase in RMS values, regardless the kind of surgery performed. The physical therapic protocol was effective in recovering the neck movement could alter the muscular activation pattern, mainly in largest surgery assaulted side. The artificial larynx use or the esophageal speech didn t change the activity of sternocleidomastoid muscle and bilaterally cervical paraspinal

ASSUNTO(S)

laringectomy radiotherapy musculos do pescoço radioterapia electromyography neck muscles laringectomia eletromiografia

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